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Phase Synchronization of Hemodynamic Variables at Rest and after Deep Breathing Measured during the Course of Pregnancy

BACKGROUND: The autonomic nervous system plays a central role in the functioning of systems critical for the homeostasis maintenance. However, its role in the cardiovascular adaptation to pregnancy-related demands is poorly understood. We explored the maternal cardiovascular systems throughout pregn...

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Autores principales: Moertl, Manfred Georg, Lackner, Helmut Karl, Papousek, Ilona, Roessler, Andreas, Hinghofer-Szalkay, Helmut, Lang, Uwe, Kolovetsiou-Kreiner, Vassiliki, Schlembach, Dietmar
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2013
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Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3618276/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23577144
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0060675
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author Moertl, Manfred Georg
Lackner, Helmut Karl
Papousek, Ilona
Roessler, Andreas
Hinghofer-Szalkay, Helmut
Lang, Uwe
Kolovetsiou-Kreiner, Vassiliki
Schlembach, Dietmar
author_facet Moertl, Manfred Georg
Lackner, Helmut Karl
Papousek, Ilona
Roessler, Andreas
Hinghofer-Szalkay, Helmut
Lang, Uwe
Kolovetsiou-Kreiner, Vassiliki
Schlembach, Dietmar
author_sort Moertl, Manfred Georg
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The autonomic nervous system plays a central role in the functioning of systems critical for the homeostasis maintenance. However, its role in the cardiovascular adaptation to pregnancy-related demands is poorly understood. We explored the maternal cardiovascular systems throughout pregnancy to quantify pregnancy-related autonomic nervous system adaptations. METHODOLOGY: Continuous monitoring of heart rate (R-R interval; derived from the 3-lead electrocardiography), blood pressure, and thoracic impedance was carried out in thirty-six women at six time-points throughout pregnancy. In order to quantify in addition to the longitudinal effects on baseline levels throughout gestation the immediate adaptive heart rate and blood pressure changes at each time point, a simple reflex test, deep breathing, was applied. Consequently, heart rate variability and blood pressure variability in the low (LF) and high (HF) frequency range, respiration and baroreceptor sensitivity were analyzed in resting conditions and after deep breathing. The adjustment of the rhythms of the R-R interval, blood pressure and respiration partitioned for the sympathetic and the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system were quantified by the phase synchronization index γ, which has been adopted from the analysis of weakly coupled chaotic oscillators. RESULTS: Heart rate and LF/HF ratio increased throughout pregnancy and these effects were accompanied by a continuous loss of baroreceptor sensitivity. The increases in heart rate and LF/HF ratio levels were associated with an increasing decline in the ability to flexibly respond to additional demands (i.e., diminished adaptive responses to deep breathing). The phase synchronization index γ showed that the observed effects could be explained by a decreased coupling of respiration and the cardiovascular system (HF components of heart rate and blood pressure). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The findings suggest that during the course of pregnancy the individual systems become increasingly independent to meet the increasing demands placed on the maternal cardiovascular and respiratory system.
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spelling pubmed-36182762013-04-10 Phase Synchronization of Hemodynamic Variables at Rest and after Deep Breathing Measured during the Course of Pregnancy Moertl, Manfred Georg Lackner, Helmut Karl Papousek, Ilona Roessler, Andreas Hinghofer-Szalkay, Helmut Lang, Uwe Kolovetsiou-Kreiner, Vassiliki Schlembach, Dietmar PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: The autonomic nervous system plays a central role in the functioning of systems critical for the homeostasis maintenance. However, its role in the cardiovascular adaptation to pregnancy-related demands is poorly understood. We explored the maternal cardiovascular systems throughout pregnancy to quantify pregnancy-related autonomic nervous system adaptations. METHODOLOGY: Continuous monitoring of heart rate (R-R interval; derived from the 3-lead electrocardiography), blood pressure, and thoracic impedance was carried out in thirty-six women at six time-points throughout pregnancy. In order to quantify in addition to the longitudinal effects on baseline levels throughout gestation the immediate adaptive heart rate and blood pressure changes at each time point, a simple reflex test, deep breathing, was applied. Consequently, heart rate variability and blood pressure variability in the low (LF) and high (HF) frequency range, respiration and baroreceptor sensitivity were analyzed in resting conditions and after deep breathing. The adjustment of the rhythms of the R-R interval, blood pressure and respiration partitioned for the sympathetic and the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system were quantified by the phase synchronization index γ, which has been adopted from the analysis of weakly coupled chaotic oscillators. RESULTS: Heart rate and LF/HF ratio increased throughout pregnancy and these effects were accompanied by a continuous loss of baroreceptor sensitivity. The increases in heart rate and LF/HF ratio levels were associated with an increasing decline in the ability to flexibly respond to additional demands (i.e., diminished adaptive responses to deep breathing). The phase synchronization index γ showed that the observed effects could be explained by a decreased coupling of respiration and the cardiovascular system (HF components of heart rate and blood pressure). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The findings suggest that during the course of pregnancy the individual systems become increasingly independent to meet the increasing demands placed on the maternal cardiovascular and respiratory system. Public Library of Science 2013-04-05 /pmc/articles/PMC3618276/ /pubmed/23577144 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0060675 Text en © 2013 Moertl et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Moertl, Manfred Georg
Lackner, Helmut Karl
Papousek, Ilona
Roessler, Andreas
Hinghofer-Szalkay, Helmut
Lang, Uwe
Kolovetsiou-Kreiner, Vassiliki
Schlembach, Dietmar
Phase Synchronization of Hemodynamic Variables at Rest and after Deep Breathing Measured during the Course of Pregnancy
title Phase Synchronization of Hemodynamic Variables at Rest and after Deep Breathing Measured during the Course of Pregnancy
title_full Phase Synchronization of Hemodynamic Variables at Rest and after Deep Breathing Measured during the Course of Pregnancy
title_fullStr Phase Synchronization of Hemodynamic Variables at Rest and after Deep Breathing Measured during the Course of Pregnancy
title_full_unstemmed Phase Synchronization of Hemodynamic Variables at Rest and after Deep Breathing Measured during the Course of Pregnancy
title_short Phase Synchronization of Hemodynamic Variables at Rest and after Deep Breathing Measured during the Course of Pregnancy
title_sort phase synchronization of hemodynamic variables at rest and after deep breathing measured during the course of pregnancy
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3618276/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23577144
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0060675
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