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Follicle-stimulating hormone responsiveness in antral follicles from aryl hydrocarbon receptor knockout mice
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated that pre-pubertal aryl hydrocarbon receptor knockout (AHRKO) mice have slow antral follicle growth and reduced capacity to produce estradiol compared to wild-type (WT) mice. Although previous studies have suggested that this is likely due to a reduced a...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3621516/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23548098 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-7827-11-26 |
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author | Hernández-Ochoa, Isabel Gao, Liying Peretz, Jackye Basavarajappa, Mallikarjuna S Bunting, Stacey L Karman, Bethany N Paulose, Tessie Flaws, Jodi A |
author_facet | Hernández-Ochoa, Isabel Gao, Liying Peretz, Jackye Basavarajappa, Mallikarjuna S Bunting, Stacey L Karman, Bethany N Paulose, Tessie Flaws, Jodi A |
author_sort | Hernández-Ochoa, Isabel |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated that pre-pubertal aryl hydrocarbon receptor knockout (AHRKO) mice have slow antral follicle growth and reduced capacity to produce estradiol compared to wild-type (WT) mice. Although previous studies have suggested that this is likely due to a reduced ability of the AHRKO follicles to respond to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), this possibility was not directly tested. Thus, the goal of these studies was to test the hypothesis that low FSH responsiveness is responsible for the slow growth and reduced estradiol production observed in pre-pubertal AHRKO versus WT antral follicles. METHODS: Antral follicles from WT and AHRKO mice were cultured with varying amounts of FSH (0–15 IU/mL) for up to 7 days, and subjected to measurements of growth, FSH receptor and steroidogenic regulator expression, sex steroid hormone levels, and inhibin beta-A expression. General linear models (GLM) for repeated measures were used to compare follicle diameters over time among treatments. If the global tests from GLM were significant, Tukey’s tests were used for pairwise comparisons. Remaining comparisons among groups were performed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. RESULTS: The results indicate that FSH stimulated growth in both WT and AHRKO follicles, but that high levels of FSH (10–15 IU/mL) were required for AHRKO follicles to reach maximal growth, whereas lower levels of FSH (5 IU/mL) were required for WT follicles to reach maximal growth. Further, FSH stimulated expression of FSH receptor, steroidogenic factors, and inhibin beta-A as well as production of steroid hormones in both WT and AHRKO follicles, but the degree of stimulation differed betw een WT and AHRKO follicles. Interestingly, FSH treatment increased expression of FSH receptor, some steroidogenic regulators, inhibin beta-A, and steroid hormone production more in AHRKO follicles compared to WT follicles. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, these data suggest that the slow growth, but not reduced steroidogenesis in AHRKO follicles, is due to their reduced ability to respond to FSH compared to WT follicles. These data also suggest that the AHR may contribute to the ability of FSH to stimulate proper follicle growth, but it may not contribute to FSH-induced steroidogenesis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3621516 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-36215162013-04-10 Follicle-stimulating hormone responsiveness in antral follicles from aryl hydrocarbon receptor knockout mice Hernández-Ochoa, Isabel Gao, Liying Peretz, Jackye Basavarajappa, Mallikarjuna S Bunting, Stacey L Karman, Bethany N Paulose, Tessie Flaws, Jodi A Reprod Biol Endocrinol Research BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated that pre-pubertal aryl hydrocarbon receptor knockout (AHRKO) mice have slow antral follicle growth and reduced capacity to produce estradiol compared to wild-type (WT) mice. Although previous studies have suggested that this is likely due to a reduced ability of the AHRKO follicles to respond to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), this possibility was not directly tested. Thus, the goal of these studies was to test the hypothesis that low FSH responsiveness is responsible for the slow growth and reduced estradiol production observed in pre-pubertal AHRKO versus WT antral follicles. METHODS: Antral follicles from WT and AHRKO mice were cultured with varying amounts of FSH (0–15 IU/mL) for up to 7 days, and subjected to measurements of growth, FSH receptor and steroidogenic regulator expression, sex steroid hormone levels, and inhibin beta-A expression. General linear models (GLM) for repeated measures were used to compare follicle diameters over time among treatments. If the global tests from GLM were significant, Tukey’s tests were used for pairwise comparisons. Remaining comparisons among groups were performed using one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. RESULTS: The results indicate that FSH stimulated growth in both WT and AHRKO follicles, but that high levels of FSH (10–15 IU/mL) were required for AHRKO follicles to reach maximal growth, whereas lower levels of FSH (5 IU/mL) were required for WT follicles to reach maximal growth. Further, FSH stimulated expression of FSH receptor, steroidogenic factors, and inhibin beta-A as well as production of steroid hormones in both WT and AHRKO follicles, but the degree of stimulation differed betw een WT and AHRKO follicles. Interestingly, FSH treatment increased expression of FSH receptor, some steroidogenic regulators, inhibin beta-A, and steroid hormone production more in AHRKO follicles compared to WT follicles. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, these data suggest that the slow growth, but not reduced steroidogenesis in AHRKO follicles, is due to their reduced ability to respond to FSH compared to WT follicles. These data also suggest that the AHR may contribute to the ability of FSH to stimulate proper follicle growth, but it may not contribute to FSH-induced steroidogenesis. BioMed Central 2013-04-01 /pmc/articles/PMC3621516/ /pubmed/23548098 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-7827-11-26 Text en Copyright © 2013 Hernández-Ochoa et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Hernández-Ochoa, Isabel Gao, Liying Peretz, Jackye Basavarajappa, Mallikarjuna S Bunting, Stacey L Karman, Bethany N Paulose, Tessie Flaws, Jodi A Follicle-stimulating hormone responsiveness in antral follicles from aryl hydrocarbon receptor knockout mice |
title | Follicle-stimulating hormone responsiveness in antral follicles from aryl hydrocarbon receptor knockout mice |
title_full | Follicle-stimulating hormone responsiveness in antral follicles from aryl hydrocarbon receptor knockout mice |
title_fullStr | Follicle-stimulating hormone responsiveness in antral follicles from aryl hydrocarbon receptor knockout mice |
title_full_unstemmed | Follicle-stimulating hormone responsiveness in antral follicles from aryl hydrocarbon receptor knockout mice |
title_short | Follicle-stimulating hormone responsiveness in antral follicles from aryl hydrocarbon receptor knockout mice |
title_sort | follicle-stimulating hormone responsiveness in antral follicles from aryl hydrocarbon receptor knockout mice |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3621516/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23548098 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-7827-11-26 |
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