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Immunological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells
Although bone marrow is the main source, mesenchymal stem cells have already been isolated from various other tissues, such as the liver, pancreas, adipose tissue, peripheral blood and dental pulp. These plastic adherent cells are morphologically similar to fibroblasts and have a high proliferative...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Associação Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3621638/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23580887 http://dx.doi.org/10.5581/1516-8484.20130017 |
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author | Machado, Cíntia de Vasconcellos Telles, Paloma Dias da Silva Nascimento, Ivana Lucia Oliveira |
author_facet | Machado, Cíntia de Vasconcellos Telles, Paloma Dias da Silva Nascimento, Ivana Lucia Oliveira |
author_sort | Machado, Cíntia de Vasconcellos |
collection | PubMed |
description | Although bone marrow is the main source, mesenchymal stem cells have already been isolated from various other tissues, such as the liver, pancreas, adipose tissue, peripheral blood and dental pulp. These plastic adherent cells are morphologically similar to fibroblasts and have a high proliferative potential. This special group of cells possesses two essential characteristics: self-renewal and differentiation, with appropriate stimuli, into various cell types. Mesenchymal stem cells are considered immunologically privileged, since they do not express costimulatory molecules, required for complete T cell activation, on their surface. Several studies have shown that these cells exert an immunosuppressive effect on cells from both innate and acquired immunity systems. Mesenchymal stem cells can regulate the immune response in vitro by inhibiting the maturation of dendritic cells, as well as by suppressing the proliferation and function of T and B lymphocytes and natural killer cells. These special properties of mesenchymal stem cells make them a promising strategy in the treatment of immune mediated disorders, such as graft-versus-host disease and autoimmune diseases, as well as in regenerative medicine. The understanding of immune regulation mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells, and also those involved in the differentiation of these cells in various lineages is primordial for their successful and safe application in different areas of medicine. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3621638 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Associação Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-36216382013-04-11 Immunological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells Machado, Cíntia de Vasconcellos Telles, Paloma Dias da Silva Nascimento, Ivana Lucia Oliveira Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter Review Article Although bone marrow is the main source, mesenchymal stem cells have already been isolated from various other tissues, such as the liver, pancreas, adipose tissue, peripheral blood and dental pulp. These plastic adherent cells are morphologically similar to fibroblasts and have a high proliferative potential. This special group of cells possesses two essential characteristics: self-renewal and differentiation, with appropriate stimuli, into various cell types. Mesenchymal stem cells are considered immunologically privileged, since they do not express costimulatory molecules, required for complete T cell activation, on their surface. Several studies have shown that these cells exert an immunosuppressive effect on cells from both innate and acquired immunity systems. Mesenchymal stem cells can regulate the immune response in vitro by inhibiting the maturation of dendritic cells, as well as by suppressing the proliferation and function of T and B lymphocytes and natural killer cells. These special properties of mesenchymal stem cells make them a promising strategy in the treatment of immune mediated disorders, such as graft-versus-host disease and autoimmune diseases, as well as in regenerative medicine. The understanding of immune regulation mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells, and also those involved in the differentiation of these cells in various lineages is primordial for their successful and safe application in different areas of medicine. Associação Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia 2013 /pmc/articles/PMC3621638/ /pubmed/23580887 http://dx.doi.org/10.5581/1516-8484.20130017 Text en http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Machado, Cíntia de Vasconcellos Telles, Paloma Dias da Silva Nascimento, Ivana Lucia Oliveira Immunological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells |
title | Immunological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells |
title_full | Immunological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells |
title_fullStr | Immunological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells |
title_full_unstemmed | Immunological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells |
title_short | Immunological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells |
title_sort | immunological characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3621638/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23580887 http://dx.doi.org/10.5581/1516-8484.20130017 |
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