Discovery and Structure–Activity Relationships of Pyrrolone Antimalarials

[Image: see text] In the pursuit of new antimalarial leads, a phenotypic screening of various commercially sourced compound libraries was undertaken by the World Health Organisation Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (WHO-TDR). We report here the detailed characterization of one of the hits from this process, TDR32750 (8a), which showed potent activity against Plasmodium falciparum K1 (EC(50) ∼ 9 nM), good selectivity (>2000-fold) compared to a mammalian cell line (L6), and significant activity against a rodent model of malaria when administered intraperitoneally. Structure–activity relationship studies have indicated ways in which the molecule could be optimized. This compound represents an exciting start point for a drug discovery program for the development of a novel antimalarial.