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Measurements of forces produced by the mitotic spindle using optical tweezers
We used a trapping laser to stop chromosome movements in Mesostoma and crane-fly spermatocytes and inward movements of spindle poles after laser cuts across Potorous tridactylus (rat kangaroo) kidney (PtK2) cell half-spindles. Mesostoma spermatocyte kinetochores execute oscillatory movements to and...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The American Society for Cell Biology
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3639049/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23485565 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E12-12-0901 |
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author | Ferraro-Gideon, Jessica Sheykhani, Rozhan Zhu, Qingyuan Duquette, Michelle L. Berns, Michael W. Forer, Arthur |
author_facet | Ferraro-Gideon, Jessica Sheykhani, Rozhan Zhu, Qingyuan Duquette, Michelle L. Berns, Michael W. Forer, Arthur |
author_sort | Ferraro-Gideon, Jessica |
collection | PubMed |
description | We used a trapping laser to stop chromosome movements in Mesostoma and crane-fly spermatocytes and inward movements of spindle poles after laser cuts across Potorous tridactylus (rat kangaroo) kidney (PtK2) cell half-spindles. Mesostoma spermatocyte kinetochores execute oscillatory movements to and away from the spindle pole for 1–2 h, so we could trap kinetochores multiple times in the same spermatocyte. The trap was focused to a single point using a 63× oil immersion objective. Trap powers of 15–23 mW caused kinetochore oscillations to stop or decrease. Kinetochore oscillations resumed when the trap was released. In crane-fly spermatocytes trap powers of 56–85 mW stopped or slowed poleward chromosome movement. In PtK2 cells 8-mW trap power stopped the spindle pole from moving toward the equator. Forces in the traps were calculated using the equation F = Q′P/c, where P is the laser power and c is the speed of light. Use of appropriate Q′ coefficients gave the forces for stopping pole movements as 0.3–2.3 pN and for stopping chromosome movements in Mesostoma spermatocytes and crane-fly spermatocytes as 2–3 and 6–10 pN, respectively. These forces are close to theoretical calculations of forces causing chromosome movements but 100 times lower than the 700 pN measured previously in grasshopper spermatocytes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3639049 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | The American Society for Cell Biology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-36390492013-07-16 Measurements of forces produced by the mitotic spindle using optical tweezers Ferraro-Gideon, Jessica Sheykhani, Rozhan Zhu, Qingyuan Duquette, Michelle L. Berns, Michael W. Forer, Arthur Mol Biol Cell Articles We used a trapping laser to stop chromosome movements in Mesostoma and crane-fly spermatocytes and inward movements of spindle poles after laser cuts across Potorous tridactylus (rat kangaroo) kidney (PtK2) cell half-spindles. Mesostoma spermatocyte kinetochores execute oscillatory movements to and away from the spindle pole for 1–2 h, so we could trap kinetochores multiple times in the same spermatocyte. The trap was focused to a single point using a 63× oil immersion objective. Trap powers of 15–23 mW caused kinetochore oscillations to stop or decrease. Kinetochore oscillations resumed when the trap was released. In crane-fly spermatocytes trap powers of 56–85 mW stopped or slowed poleward chromosome movement. In PtK2 cells 8-mW trap power stopped the spindle pole from moving toward the equator. Forces in the traps were calculated using the equation F = Q′P/c, where P is the laser power and c is the speed of light. Use of appropriate Q′ coefficients gave the forces for stopping pole movements as 0.3–2.3 pN and for stopping chromosome movements in Mesostoma spermatocytes and crane-fly spermatocytes as 2–3 and 6–10 pN, respectively. These forces are close to theoretical calculations of forces causing chromosome movements but 100 times lower than the 700 pN measured previously in grasshopper spermatocytes. The American Society for Cell Biology 2013-05-01 /pmc/articles/PMC3639049/ /pubmed/23485565 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E12-12-0901 Text en © 2013 Ferraro-Gideon et al. This article is distributed by The American Society for Cell Biology under license from the author(s). Two months after publication it is available to the public under an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0). “ASCB®,” “The American Society for Cell Biology®,” and “Molecular Biology of the Cell®” are registered trademarks of The American Society of Cell BD; are registered trademarks of The American Society of Cell Biology. |
spellingShingle | Articles Ferraro-Gideon, Jessica Sheykhani, Rozhan Zhu, Qingyuan Duquette, Michelle L. Berns, Michael W. Forer, Arthur Measurements of forces produced by the mitotic spindle using optical tweezers |
title | Measurements of forces produced by the mitotic spindle using optical tweezers |
title_full | Measurements of forces produced by the mitotic spindle using optical tweezers |
title_fullStr | Measurements of forces produced by the mitotic spindle using optical tweezers |
title_full_unstemmed | Measurements of forces produced by the mitotic spindle using optical tweezers |
title_short | Measurements of forces produced by the mitotic spindle using optical tweezers |
title_sort | measurements of forces produced by the mitotic spindle using optical tweezers |
topic | Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3639049/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23485565 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E12-12-0901 |
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