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Roles of Rho GTPases in Intracellular Transport and Cellular Transformation

Rho family GTPases belong to the Ras GTPase superfamily and transduce intracellular signals known to regulate a variety of cellular processes, including cell polarity, morphogenesis, migration, apoptosis, vesicle trafficking, viral transport and cellular transformation. The three best-characterized...

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Autores principales: Chi, Xiaojuan, Wang, Song, Huang, Yifan, Stamnes, Mark, Chen, Ji-Long
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3645678/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23538840
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms14047089
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author Chi, Xiaojuan
Wang, Song
Huang, Yifan
Stamnes, Mark
Chen, Ji-Long
author_facet Chi, Xiaojuan
Wang, Song
Huang, Yifan
Stamnes, Mark
Chen, Ji-Long
author_sort Chi, Xiaojuan
collection PubMed
description Rho family GTPases belong to the Ras GTPase superfamily and transduce intracellular signals known to regulate a variety of cellular processes, including cell polarity, morphogenesis, migration, apoptosis, vesicle trafficking, viral transport and cellular transformation. The three best-characterized Rho family members are Cdc42, RhoA and Rac1. Cdc42 regulates endocytosis, the transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, post-Golgi transport and exocytosis. Cdc42 influences trafficking through interaction with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP) and the Arp2/3 complex, leading to changes in actin dynamics. Rac1 mediates endocytic and exocytic vesicle trafficking by interaction with its effectors, PI3kinase, synaptojanin 2, IQGAP1 and phospholipase D1. RhoA participates in the regulation of endocytosis through controlling its downstream target, Rho kinase. Interestingly, these GTPases play important roles at different stages of viral protein and genome transport in infected host cells. Importantly, dysregulation of Cdc42, Rac1 and RhoA leads to numerous disorders, including malignant transformation. In some cases, hyperactivation of Rho GTPases is required for cellular transformation. In this article, we review a number of findings related to Rho GTPase function in intracellular transport and cellular transformation.
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spelling pubmed-36456782013-05-13 Roles of Rho GTPases in Intracellular Transport and Cellular Transformation Chi, Xiaojuan Wang, Song Huang, Yifan Stamnes, Mark Chen, Ji-Long Int J Mol Sci Review Rho family GTPases belong to the Ras GTPase superfamily and transduce intracellular signals known to regulate a variety of cellular processes, including cell polarity, morphogenesis, migration, apoptosis, vesicle trafficking, viral transport and cellular transformation. The three best-characterized Rho family members are Cdc42, RhoA and Rac1. Cdc42 regulates endocytosis, the transport between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, post-Golgi transport and exocytosis. Cdc42 influences trafficking through interaction with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP) and the Arp2/3 complex, leading to changes in actin dynamics. Rac1 mediates endocytic and exocytic vesicle trafficking by interaction with its effectors, PI3kinase, synaptojanin 2, IQGAP1 and phospholipase D1. RhoA participates in the regulation of endocytosis through controlling its downstream target, Rho kinase. Interestingly, these GTPases play important roles at different stages of viral protein and genome transport in infected host cells. Importantly, dysregulation of Cdc42, Rac1 and RhoA leads to numerous disorders, including malignant transformation. In some cases, hyperactivation of Rho GTPases is required for cellular transformation. In this article, we review a number of findings related to Rho GTPase function in intracellular transport and cellular transformation. Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) 2013-03-28 /pmc/articles/PMC3645678/ /pubmed/23538840 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms14047089 Text en © 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Chi, Xiaojuan
Wang, Song
Huang, Yifan
Stamnes, Mark
Chen, Ji-Long
Roles of Rho GTPases in Intracellular Transport and Cellular Transformation
title Roles of Rho GTPases in Intracellular Transport and Cellular Transformation
title_full Roles of Rho GTPases in Intracellular Transport and Cellular Transformation
title_fullStr Roles of Rho GTPases in Intracellular Transport and Cellular Transformation
title_full_unstemmed Roles of Rho GTPases in Intracellular Transport and Cellular Transformation
title_short Roles of Rho GTPases in Intracellular Transport and Cellular Transformation
title_sort roles of rho gtpases in intracellular transport and cellular transformation
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3645678/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23538840
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms14047089
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