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Levels of Valence
The distinction between the positive and the negative is fundamental in our emotional life. In appraisal theories, in particular in the component process model of emotion (Scherer, 1984, 2010), qualitatively different types of valence are proposed based on appraisals of (un)pleasantness, goal obstru...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3651968/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23717292 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00261 |
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author | Shuman, Vera Sander, David Scherer, Klaus R. |
author_facet | Shuman, Vera Sander, David Scherer, Klaus R. |
author_sort | Shuman, Vera |
collection | PubMed |
description | The distinction between the positive and the negative is fundamental in our emotional life. In appraisal theories, in particular in the component process model of emotion (Scherer, 1984, 2010), qualitatively different types of valence are proposed based on appraisals of (un)pleasantness, goal obstructiveness/conduciveness, low or high power, self-(in)congruence, and moral badness/goodness. This multifaceted conceptualization of valence is highly compatible with the frequent observation of mixed feelings in real life. However, it seems to contradict the one-dimensional conceptualization of valence often encountered in psychological theories, and the notion of valence as a common currency used to explain choice behavior. Here, we propose a framework to integrate the seemingly disparate conceptualizations of multifaceted valence and one-dimensional valence by suggesting that valence should be conceived at different levels, micro and macro. Micro-valences correspond to qualitatively different types of evaluations, potentially resulting in mixed feelings, whereas one-dimensional macro-valence corresponds to an integrative “common currency” to compare alternatives for choices. We propose that conceptualizing levels of valence may focus research attention on the mechanisms that relate valence at one level (micro) to valence at another level (macro), leading to new hypotheses, and addressing various concerns that have been raised about the valence concept, such as the valence-emotion relation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3651968 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-36519682013-05-28 Levels of Valence Shuman, Vera Sander, David Scherer, Klaus R. Front Psychol Psychology The distinction between the positive and the negative is fundamental in our emotional life. In appraisal theories, in particular in the component process model of emotion (Scherer, 1984, 2010), qualitatively different types of valence are proposed based on appraisals of (un)pleasantness, goal obstructiveness/conduciveness, low or high power, self-(in)congruence, and moral badness/goodness. This multifaceted conceptualization of valence is highly compatible with the frequent observation of mixed feelings in real life. However, it seems to contradict the one-dimensional conceptualization of valence often encountered in psychological theories, and the notion of valence as a common currency used to explain choice behavior. Here, we propose a framework to integrate the seemingly disparate conceptualizations of multifaceted valence and one-dimensional valence by suggesting that valence should be conceived at different levels, micro and macro. Micro-valences correspond to qualitatively different types of evaluations, potentially resulting in mixed feelings, whereas one-dimensional macro-valence corresponds to an integrative “common currency” to compare alternatives for choices. We propose that conceptualizing levels of valence may focus research attention on the mechanisms that relate valence at one level (micro) to valence at another level (macro), leading to new hypotheses, and addressing various concerns that have been raised about the valence concept, such as the valence-emotion relation. Frontiers Media S.A. 2013-05-13 /pmc/articles/PMC3651968/ /pubmed/23717292 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00261 Text en Copyright © 2013 Shuman, Sander and Scherer. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited and subject to any copyright notices concerning any third-party graphics etc. |
spellingShingle | Psychology Shuman, Vera Sander, David Scherer, Klaus R. Levels of Valence |
title | Levels of Valence |
title_full | Levels of Valence |
title_fullStr | Levels of Valence |
title_full_unstemmed | Levels of Valence |
title_short | Levels of Valence |
title_sort | levels of valence |
topic | Psychology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3651968/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23717292 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00261 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT shumanvera levelsofvalence AT sanderdavid levelsofvalence AT schererklausr levelsofvalence |