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Bimodal processing of olfactory information in an amphibian nose: odor responses segregate into a medial and a lateral stream
In contrast to the single sensory surface present in teleost fishes, several spatially segregated subsystems with distinct molecular and functional characteristics define the mammalian olfactory system. However, the evolutionary steps of that transition remain unknown. Here we analyzed the olfactory...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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SP Birkhäuser Verlag Basel
2012
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3656224/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23269434 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-012-1226-8 |
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author | Gliem, Sebastian Syed, Adnan S. Sansone, Alfredo Kludt, Eugen Tantalaki, Evangelia Hassenklöver, Thomas Korsching, Sigrun I. Manzini, Ivan |
author_facet | Gliem, Sebastian Syed, Adnan S. Sansone, Alfredo Kludt, Eugen Tantalaki, Evangelia Hassenklöver, Thomas Korsching, Sigrun I. Manzini, Ivan |
author_sort | Gliem, Sebastian |
collection | PubMed |
description | In contrast to the single sensory surface present in teleost fishes, several spatially segregated subsystems with distinct molecular and functional characteristics define the mammalian olfactory system. However, the evolutionary steps of that transition remain unknown. Here we analyzed the olfactory system of an early diverging tetrapod, the amphibian Xenopus laevis, and report for the first time the existence of two odor-processing streams, sharply segregated in the main olfactory bulb and partially segregated in the olfactory epithelium of pre-metamorphic larvae. A lateral odor-processing stream is formed by microvillous receptor neurons and is characterized by amino acid responses and Gα(o)/Gα(i) as probable signal transducers, whereas a medial stream formed by ciliated receptor neurons is characterized by responses to alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones, and Gα(olf)/cAMP as probable signal transducers. To reveal candidates for the olfactory receptors underlying these two streams, the spatial distribution of 12 genes from four olfactory receptor gene families was determined. Several class II and some class I odorant receptors (ORs) mimic the spatial distribution observed for the medial stream, whereas a trace amine-associated receptor closely parallels the spatial pattern of the lateral odor-processing stream. Other olfactory receptors (some class I odorant receptors and vomeronasal type 1 receptors) and odor responses (to bile acids, amines) were not lateralized, the latter not even in the olfactory bulb, suggesting an incomplete segregation. Thus, the olfactory system of X. laevis exhibits an intermediate stage of segregation and as such appears well suited to investigate the molecular driving forces behind olfactory regionalization. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3656224 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2012 |
publisher | SP Birkhäuser Verlag Basel |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-36562242013-05-17 Bimodal processing of olfactory information in an amphibian nose: odor responses segregate into a medial and a lateral stream Gliem, Sebastian Syed, Adnan S. Sansone, Alfredo Kludt, Eugen Tantalaki, Evangelia Hassenklöver, Thomas Korsching, Sigrun I. Manzini, Ivan Cell Mol Life Sci Research Article In contrast to the single sensory surface present in teleost fishes, several spatially segregated subsystems with distinct molecular and functional characteristics define the mammalian olfactory system. However, the evolutionary steps of that transition remain unknown. Here we analyzed the olfactory system of an early diverging tetrapod, the amphibian Xenopus laevis, and report for the first time the existence of two odor-processing streams, sharply segregated in the main olfactory bulb and partially segregated in the olfactory epithelium of pre-metamorphic larvae. A lateral odor-processing stream is formed by microvillous receptor neurons and is characterized by amino acid responses and Gα(o)/Gα(i) as probable signal transducers, whereas a medial stream formed by ciliated receptor neurons is characterized by responses to alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones, and Gα(olf)/cAMP as probable signal transducers. To reveal candidates for the olfactory receptors underlying these two streams, the spatial distribution of 12 genes from four olfactory receptor gene families was determined. Several class II and some class I odorant receptors (ORs) mimic the spatial distribution observed for the medial stream, whereas a trace amine-associated receptor closely parallels the spatial pattern of the lateral odor-processing stream. Other olfactory receptors (some class I odorant receptors and vomeronasal type 1 receptors) and odor responses (to bile acids, amines) were not lateralized, the latter not even in the olfactory bulb, suggesting an incomplete segregation. Thus, the olfactory system of X. laevis exhibits an intermediate stage of segregation and as such appears well suited to investigate the molecular driving forces behind olfactory regionalization. SP Birkhäuser Verlag Basel 2012-12-27 2013 /pmc/articles/PMC3656224/ /pubmed/23269434 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-012-1226-8 Text en © The Author(s) 2012 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits any use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and the source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Gliem, Sebastian Syed, Adnan S. Sansone, Alfredo Kludt, Eugen Tantalaki, Evangelia Hassenklöver, Thomas Korsching, Sigrun I. Manzini, Ivan Bimodal processing of olfactory information in an amphibian nose: odor responses segregate into a medial and a lateral stream |
title | Bimodal processing of olfactory information in an amphibian nose: odor responses segregate into a medial and a lateral stream |
title_full | Bimodal processing of olfactory information in an amphibian nose: odor responses segregate into a medial and a lateral stream |
title_fullStr | Bimodal processing of olfactory information in an amphibian nose: odor responses segregate into a medial and a lateral stream |
title_full_unstemmed | Bimodal processing of olfactory information in an amphibian nose: odor responses segregate into a medial and a lateral stream |
title_short | Bimodal processing of olfactory information in an amphibian nose: odor responses segregate into a medial and a lateral stream |
title_sort | bimodal processing of olfactory information in an amphibian nose: odor responses segregate into a medial and a lateral stream |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3656224/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23269434 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00018-012-1226-8 |
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