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Contactless Impedance Sensors and Their Application to Flow Measurements

The paper provides a critical discussion of the present state of the theory of high-frequency impedance sensors (now mostly called contactless impedance or conductivity sensors), the principal approaches employed in designing impedance flow-through cells and their operational parameters. In addition...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Opekar, František, Tůma, Petr, Štulík, Karel
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3658714/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23447011
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s130302786
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author Opekar, František
Tůma, Petr
Štulík, Karel
author_facet Opekar, František
Tůma, Petr
Štulík, Karel
author_sort Opekar, František
collection PubMed
description The paper provides a critical discussion of the present state of the theory of high-frequency impedance sensors (now mostly called contactless impedance or conductivity sensors), the principal approaches employed in designing impedance flow-through cells and their operational parameters. In addition to characterization of traditional types of impedance sensors, the article is concerned with the use of less common sensors, such as cells with wire electrodes or planar cells. There is a detailed discussion of the effect of the individual operational parameters (width and shape of the electrodes, detection gap, frequency and amplitude of the input signal) on the response of the detector. The most important problems to be resolved in coupling these devices with flow-through measurements in the liquid phase are also discussed. Examples are given of cell designs for continuous flow and flow-injection analyses and of detection systems for miniaturized liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis. New directions for the use of these sensors in molecular biology and chemical reactors and some directions for future development are outlined.
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spelling pubmed-36587142013-05-30 Contactless Impedance Sensors and Their Application to Flow Measurements Opekar, František Tůma, Petr Štulík, Karel Sensors (Basel) Review The paper provides a critical discussion of the present state of the theory of high-frequency impedance sensors (now mostly called contactless impedance or conductivity sensors), the principal approaches employed in designing impedance flow-through cells and their operational parameters. In addition to characterization of traditional types of impedance sensors, the article is concerned with the use of less common sensors, such as cells with wire electrodes or planar cells. There is a detailed discussion of the effect of the individual operational parameters (width and shape of the electrodes, detection gap, frequency and amplitude of the input signal) on the response of the detector. The most important problems to be resolved in coupling these devices with flow-through measurements in the liquid phase are also discussed. Examples are given of cell designs for continuous flow and flow-injection analyses and of detection systems for miniaturized liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis. New directions for the use of these sensors in molecular biology and chemical reactors and some directions for future development are outlined. Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI) 2013-02-27 /pmc/articles/PMC3658714/ /pubmed/23447011 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s130302786 Text en © 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Opekar, František
Tůma, Petr
Štulík, Karel
Contactless Impedance Sensors and Their Application to Flow Measurements
title Contactless Impedance Sensors and Their Application to Flow Measurements
title_full Contactless Impedance Sensors and Their Application to Flow Measurements
title_fullStr Contactless Impedance Sensors and Their Application to Flow Measurements
title_full_unstemmed Contactless Impedance Sensors and Their Application to Flow Measurements
title_short Contactless Impedance Sensors and Their Application to Flow Measurements
title_sort contactless impedance sensors and their application to flow measurements
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3658714/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23447011
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s130302786
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