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High Seroprevalence of HBV and HCV Infection in HIV-Infected Adults in Kigali, Rwanda

BACKGROUND: Data on prevalence and incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Rwanda are scarce. METHODS: HBV status was assessed at baseline and Month 12, and anti-HCV antibodies at baseline, in a prospective cohort study of HIV-infected patients in Kigali, Rwanda...

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Autores principales: Rusine, John, Ondoa, Pascale, Asiimwe-Kateera, Brenda, Boer, Kimberly R., Uwimana, Jean Marie, Mukabayire, Odette, Zaaijer, Hans, Mugabekazi, Julie, Reiss, Peter, van de Wijgert, Janneke H.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3661584/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23717409
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063303
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author Rusine, John
Ondoa, Pascale
Asiimwe-Kateera, Brenda
Boer, Kimberly R.
Uwimana, Jean Marie
Mukabayire, Odette
Zaaijer, Hans
Mugabekazi, Julie
Reiss, Peter
van de Wijgert, Janneke H.
author_facet Rusine, John
Ondoa, Pascale
Asiimwe-Kateera, Brenda
Boer, Kimberly R.
Uwimana, Jean Marie
Mukabayire, Odette
Zaaijer, Hans
Mugabekazi, Julie
Reiss, Peter
van de Wijgert, Janneke H.
author_sort Rusine, John
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Data on prevalence and incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Rwanda are scarce. METHODS: HBV status was assessed at baseline and Month 12, and anti-HCV antibodies at baseline, in a prospective cohort study of HIV-infected patients in Kigali, Rwanda: 104 men and 114 women initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) at baseline, and 200 women not yet eligible for ART. RESULTS: Baseline prevalence of active HBV infection (HBsAg positive), past or occult HBV infection (anti-HBc positive and HBsAg negative) and anti-HCV was 5.2%, 42.9%, and 5.7%, respectively. The active HBV incidence rate was 4.2/1,000 person years (PY). In a multivariable logistic regression model using baseline data, participants with WHO stage 3 or 4 HIV disease were 4.19 times (95% CI 1.21–14.47) more likely to have active HBV infection, and older patients were more likely to have evidence of past exposure to HBV (aRR 1.03 per year; 95%CI 1.01–1.06). Older age was also positively associated with having anti-HCV antibodies (aOR 1.09; 95%CI 1.04–1.14) while having a higher baseline HIV viral load was negatively associated with HCV (aOR 0.60; 95% CI 0.40–0.98). The median CD4 increase during the first 12 months of ART was lower for those with active HBV infection or anti-HCV at baseline. Almost all participants (88%) with active HBV infection who were on ART were receiving lamivudine monotherapy for HBV. CONCLUSION: HBV and HCV are common in HIV-infected patients in Rwanda. Regular HBsAg screening is needed to ensure that HIV-HBV co-infected patients receive an HBV-active ART regimen, and the prevalence of occult HBV infection should be determined. Improved access to HBV vaccination is recommended. Active HCV prevalence and incidence should be investigated further to determine whether HCV RNA PCR testing should be introduced in Rwanda.
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spelling pubmed-36615842013-05-28 High Seroprevalence of HBV and HCV Infection in HIV-Infected Adults in Kigali, Rwanda Rusine, John Ondoa, Pascale Asiimwe-Kateera, Brenda Boer, Kimberly R. Uwimana, Jean Marie Mukabayire, Odette Zaaijer, Hans Mugabekazi, Julie Reiss, Peter van de Wijgert, Janneke H. PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Data on prevalence and incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Rwanda are scarce. METHODS: HBV status was assessed at baseline and Month 12, and anti-HCV antibodies at baseline, in a prospective cohort study of HIV-infected patients in Kigali, Rwanda: 104 men and 114 women initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) at baseline, and 200 women not yet eligible for ART. RESULTS: Baseline prevalence of active HBV infection (HBsAg positive), past or occult HBV infection (anti-HBc positive and HBsAg negative) and anti-HCV was 5.2%, 42.9%, and 5.7%, respectively. The active HBV incidence rate was 4.2/1,000 person years (PY). In a multivariable logistic regression model using baseline data, participants with WHO stage 3 or 4 HIV disease were 4.19 times (95% CI 1.21–14.47) more likely to have active HBV infection, and older patients were more likely to have evidence of past exposure to HBV (aRR 1.03 per year; 95%CI 1.01–1.06). Older age was also positively associated with having anti-HCV antibodies (aOR 1.09; 95%CI 1.04–1.14) while having a higher baseline HIV viral load was negatively associated with HCV (aOR 0.60; 95% CI 0.40–0.98). The median CD4 increase during the first 12 months of ART was lower for those with active HBV infection or anti-HCV at baseline. Almost all participants (88%) with active HBV infection who were on ART were receiving lamivudine monotherapy for HBV. CONCLUSION: HBV and HCV are common in HIV-infected patients in Rwanda. Regular HBsAg screening is needed to ensure that HIV-HBV co-infected patients receive an HBV-active ART regimen, and the prevalence of occult HBV infection should be determined. Improved access to HBV vaccination is recommended. Active HCV prevalence and incidence should be investigated further to determine whether HCV RNA PCR testing should be introduced in Rwanda. Public Library of Science 2013-05-22 /pmc/articles/PMC3661584/ /pubmed/23717409 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063303 Text en © 2013 Rusine et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Rusine, John
Ondoa, Pascale
Asiimwe-Kateera, Brenda
Boer, Kimberly R.
Uwimana, Jean Marie
Mukabayire, Odette
Zaaijer, Hans
Mugabekazi, Julie
Reiss, Peter
van de Wijgert, Janneke H.
High Seroprevalence of HBV and HCV Infection in HIV-Infected Adults in Kigali, Rwanda
title High Seroprevalence of HBV and HCV Infection in HIV-Infected Adults in Kigali, Rwanda
title_full High Seroprevalence of HBV and HCV Infection in HIV-Infected Adults in Kigali, Rwanda
title_fullStr High Seroprevalence of HBV and HCV Infection in HIV-Infected Adults in Kigali, Rwanda
title_full_unstemmed High Seroprevalence of HBV and HCV Infection in HIV-Infected Adults in Kigali, Rwanda
title_short High Seroprevalence of HBV and HCV Infection in HIV-Infected Adults in Kigali, Rwanda
title_sort high seroprevalence of hbv and hcv infection in hiv-infected adults in kigali, rwanda
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3661584/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23717409
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063303
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