Mercury Exposure in Young Adulthood and Incidence of Diabetes Later in Life: The CARDIA Trace Element Study

OBJECTIVE: Laboratory studies suggest that exposure to methylmercury at a level similar to those found in fish may induce pancreatic islet β-cell dysfunction. Few, if any, human studies have examined the association between mercury exposure and diabetes incidence. We examined whether toenail mercury...

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Autores principales: He, Ka, Xun, Pengcheng, Liu, Kiang, Morris, Steve, Reis, Jared, Guallar, Eliseo
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: American Diabetes Association 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3661833/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23423697
http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc12-1842
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author He, Ka
Xun, Pengcheng
Liu, Kiang
Morris, Steve
Reis, Jared
Guallar, Eliseo
author_facet He, Ka
Xun, Pengcheng
Liu, Kiang
Morris, Steve
Reis, Jared
Guallar, Eliseo
author_sort He, Ka
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: Laboratory studies suggest that exposure to methylmercury at a level similar to those found in fish may induce pancreatic islet β-cell dysfunction. Few, if any, human studies have examined the association between mercury exposure and diabetes incidence. We examined whether toenail mercury levels are associated with incidence of diabetes in a large prospective cohort. RESEACH DESIGN AND METHODS: A prospective cohort of 3,875 American young adults, aged 20–32 years, free of diabetes in 1987 (baseline), were enrolled and followed six times until 2005. Baseline toenail mercury levels were measured with instrumental neutron-activation analysis. Incident diabetes was identified by plasma glucose levels, oral glucose tolerance tests, hemoglobin A1C levels, and/or antidiabetes medications. RESULTS: A total of 288 incident cases of diabetes occurred over 18 years of follow-up. In multivariate analyses adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, study center, education, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, family history of diabetes, intakes of long-chain n-3 fatty acids and magnesium, and toenail selenium, toenail mercury levels were positively associated with the incidence of diabetes. The hazard ratio (95% CI) of incident diabetes compared the highest to the lowest quintiles of mercury exposure was 1.65 (1.07–2.56; P for trend = 0.02). Higher mercury exposure at baseline was also significantly associated with decreased homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function index (P for trend < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Our results are consistent with findings from laboratory studies and provide longitudinal human data suggesting that people with high mercury exposure in young adulthood may have elevated risk of diabetes later in life.
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spelling pubmed-36618332014-06-01 Mercury Exposure in Young Adulthood and Incidence of Diabetes Later in Life: The CARDIA Trace Element Study He, Ka Xun, Pengcheng Liu, Kiang Morris, Steve Reis, Jared Guallar, Eliseo Diabetes Care Original Research OBJECTIVE: Laboratory studies suggest that exposure to methylmercury at a level similar to those found in fish may induce pancreatic islet β-cell dysfunction. Few, if any, human studies have examined the association between mercury exposure and diabetes incidence. We examined whether toenail mercury levels are associated with incidence of diabetes in a large prospective cohort. RESEACH DESIGN AND METHODS: A prospective cohort of 3,875 American young adults, aged 20–32 years, free of diabetes in 1987 (baseline), were enrolled and followed six times until 2005. Baseline toenail mercury levels were measured with instrumental neutron-activation analysis. Incident diabetes was identified by plasma glucose levels, oral glucose tolerance tests, hemoglobin A1C levels, and/or antidiabetes medications. RESULTS: A total of 288 incident cases of diabetes occurred over 18 years of follow-up. In multivariate analyses adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, study center, education, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, family history of diabetes, intakes of long-chain n-3 fatty acids and magnesium, and toenail selenium, toenail mercury levels were positively associated with the incidence of diabetes. The hazard ratio (95% CI) of incident diabetes compared the highest to the lowest quintiles of mercury exposure was 1.65 (1.07–2.56; P for trend = 0.02). Higher mercury exposure at baseline was also significantly associated with decreased homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function index (P for trend < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Our results are consistent with findings from laboratory studies and provide longitudinal human data suggesting that people with high mercury exposure in young adulthood may have elevated risk of diabetes later in life. American Diabetes Association 2013-06 2013-05-15 /pmc/articles/PMC3661833/ /pubmed/23423697 http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc12-1842 Text en © 2013 by the American Diabetes Association. Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details.
spellingShingle Original Research
He, Ka
Xun, Pengcheng
Liu, Kiang
Morris, Steve
Reis, Jared
Guallar, Eliseo
Mercury Exposure in Young Adulthood and Incidence of Diabetes Later in Life: The CARDIA Trace Element Study
title Mercury Exposure in Young Adulthood and Incidence of Diabetes Later in Life: The CARDIA Trace Element Study
title_full Mercury Exposure in Young Adulthood and Incidence of Diabetes Later in Life: The CARDIA Trace Element Study
title_fullStr Mercury Exposure in Young Adulthood and Incidence of Diabetes Later in Life: The CARDIA Trace Element Study
title_full_unstemmed Mercury Exposure in Young Adulthood and Incidence of Diabetes Later in Life: The CARDIA Trace Element Study
title_short Mercury Exposure in Young Adulthood and Incidence of Diabetes Later in Life: The CARDIA Trace Element Study
title_sort mercury exposure in young adulthood and incidence of diabetes later in life: the cardia trace element study
topic Original Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3661833/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23423697
http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc12-1842
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