Vitamin B(12) deficiency in Caenorhabditis elegans results in loss of fertility, extended life cycle, and reduced lifespan()

Vitamin B(12) (B(12)) deficiency has been linked to developmental disorders, metabolic abnormalities, and neuropathy; however, the mechanisms involved remain poorly understood. Caenorhabditis elegans grown under B(12)-deficient conditions for five generations develop severe B(12) deficiency associated with various phenotypes that include decreased egg-laying capacity (infertility), prolonged life cycle (growth retardation), and reduced lifespan. These phenotypes resemble the consequences of B(12) deficiency in mammals, and can be induced in C. elegans in only 15 days. Thus, C. elegans is a suitable animal model for studying the biological processes induced by vitamin deficiency.