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Effect of Intravitreal Methotrexate and Rituximab on Interleukin-10 Levels in Aqueous Humor of Treated Eyes with Vitreoretinal Lymphoma
Intraocular cytokines are promising diagnostic biomarkers of vitreoretinal lymphoma. Here, we evaluate the utility of IL-10, IL-6 and IL-10/IL-6 for discriminating lymphoma from uveitis and report the effects of intraocular methotrexate and rituximab on aqueous cytokine levels in eyes with lymphoma....
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3672178/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23750271 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065627 |
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author | Raja, Harish Snyder, Melissa R. Johnston, Patrick B. O’Neill, Brian P. Caraballo, Juline N. Balsanek, Joseph G. Peters, Brian E. Decker, Paul A. Pulido, Jose S. |
author_facet | Raja, Harish Snyder, Melissa R. Johnston, Patrick B. O’Neill, Brian P. Caraballo, Juline N. Balsanek, Joseph G. Peters, Brian E. Decker, Paul A. Pulido, Jose S. |
author_sort | Raja, Harish |
collection | PubMed |
description | Intraocular cytokines are promising diagnostic biomarkers of vitreoretinal lymphoma. Here, we evaluate the utility of IL-10, IL-6 and IL-10/IL-6 for discriminating lymphoma from uveitis and report the effects of intraocular methotrexate and rituximab on aqueous cytokine levels in eyes with lymphoma. This is a retrospective case series including 10 patients with lymphoma and 7 patients with uveitis. Non-parametric Mann-Whitney analysis was performed to determine statistical significance of difference in interleukin levels between lymphoma and uveitis. Compared to eyes with uveitis, eyes with lymphoma had higher levels of IL-10 (U = 7.0; two-tailed p = 0.004) and IL-10/IL-6 (U = 6.0; two-tailed p = 0.003), whereas IL-6 levels were more elevated, although insignificant, in those patients with uveitis than in lymphoma (U = 15.0; two-tailed p = ns). Using a receiver operating characteristic analysis to identify threshold values diagnostic for lymphoma, optimal sensitivity and specificity improved to 80.0% and 100%, respectively, for IL-10>7.025 pg/ml and 90.0% and 100.0%, respectively, for IL-10/IL-6>0.02718. In patients in whom serial interleukin levels were available, regular intravitreal treatment with methotrexate and rituximab was associated with reduction in IL-10 levels over time. In conclusion, optimal IL-10 and IL-10/IL-6 threshold values are associated with a diagnostic sensitivity ≥80% and specificity of 100%. Therefore, these cytokines may serve as a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of lymphoma. While negative IL-10 and IL-10/IL-6 values do not exclude a diagnosis of lymphoma, elevated levels do appear to be consistent with lymphoma clinically. Moreover, elevated levels of IL-10 in the setting of a clinically quiet eye may point to impending disease recurrence. Lastly, once lymphoma is diagnosed, IL-10 levels can be monitored over time to assess disease activity and therapeutic response. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3672178 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-36721782013-06-07 Effect of Intravitreal Methotrexate and Rituximab on Interleukin-10 Levels in Aqueous Humor of Treated Eyes with Vitreoretinal Lymphoma Raja, Harish Snyder, Melissa R. Johnston, Patrick B. O’Neill, Brian P. Caraballo, Juline N. Balsanek, Joseph G. Peters, Brian E. Decker, Paul A. Pulido, Jose S. PLoS One Research Article Intraocular cytokines are promising diagnostic biomarkers of vitreoretinal lymphoma. Here, we evaluate the utility of IL-10, IL-6 and IL-10/IL-6 for discriminating lymphoma from uveitis and report the effects of intraocular methotrexate and rituximab on aqueous cytokine levels in eyes with lymphoma. This is a retrospective case series including 10 patients with lymphoma and 7 patients with uveitis. Non-parametric Mann-Whitney analysis was performed to determine statistical significance of difference in interleukin levels between lymphoma and uveitis. Compared to eyes with uveitis, eyes with lymphoma had higher levels of IL-10 (U = 7.0; two-tailed p = 0.004) and IL-10/IL-6 (U = 6.0; two-tailed p = 0.003), whereas IL-6 levels were more elevated, although insignificant, in those patients with uveitis than in lymphoma (U = 15.0; two-tailed p = ns). Using a receiver operating characteristic analysis to identify threshold values diagnostic for lymphoma, optimal sensitivity and specificity improved to 80.0% and 100%, respectively, for IL-10>7.025 pg/ml and 90.0% and 100.0%, respectively, for IL-10/IL-6>0.02718. In patients in whom serial interleukin levels were available, regular intravitreal treatment with methotrexate and rituximab was associated with reduction in IL-10 levels over time. In conclusion, optimal IL-10 and IL-10/IL-6 threshold values are associated with a diagnostic sensitivity ≥80% and specificity of 100%. Therefore, these cytokines may serve as a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of lymphoma. While negative IL-10 and IL-10/IL-6 values do not exclude a diagnosis of lymphoma, elevated levels do appear to be consistent with lymphoma clinically. Moreover, elevated levels of IL-10 in the setting of a clinically quiet eye may point to impending disease recurrence. Lastly, once lymphoma is diagnosed, IL-10 levels can be monitored over time to assess disease activity and therapeutic response. Public Library of Science 2013-06-04 /pmc/articles/PMC3672178/ /pubmed/23750271 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065627 Text en © 2013 Raja et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Raja, Harish Snyder, Melissa R. Johnston, Patrick B. O’Neill, Brian P. Caraballo, Juline N. Balsanek, Joseph G. Peters, Brian E. Decker, Paul A. Pulido, Jose S. Effect of Intravitreal Methotrexate and Rituximab on Interleukin-10 Levels in Aqueous Humor of Treated Eyes with Vitreoretinal Lymphoma |
title | Effect of Intravitreal Methotrexate and Rituximab on Interleukin-10 Levels in Aqueous Humor of Treated Eyes with Vitreoretinal Lymphoma |
title_full | Effect of Intravitreal Methotrexate and Rituximab on Interleukin-10 Levels in Aqueous Humor of Treated Eyes with Vitreoretinal Lymphoma |
title_fullStr | Effect of Intravitreal Methotrexate and Rituximab on Interleukin-10 Levels in Aqueous Humor of Treated Eyes with Vitreoretinal Lymphoma |
title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Intravitreal Methotrexate and Rituximab on Interleukin-10 Levels in Aqueous Humor of Treated Eyes with Vitreoretinal Lymphoma |
title_short | Effect of Intravitreal Methotrexate and Rituximab on Interleukin-10 Levels in Aqueous Humor of Treated Eyes with Vitreoretinal Lymphoma |
title_sort | effect of intravitreal methotrexate and rituximab on interleukin-10 levels in aqueous humor of treated eyes with vitreoretinal lymphoma |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3672178/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23750271 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0065627 |
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