Cargando…
Ethnic- and sex-specific associations between plasma fatty acids and markers of insulin resistance in healthy young adults
BACKGROUND: Although evidence indicates that fatty acids (FA) can affect insulin resistance (IR), not all FA contribute equally to the process. Indeed, monounsaturated FA (MUFA) and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) are reported to reduce IR, whereas saturated FA (SFA) and trans FA appear to increase IR. Ho...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2013
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3686608/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23773230 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-7075-10-42 |
_version_ | 1782273800752070656 |
---|---|
author | Ralston, Jessica C Zulyniak, Michael A Nielsen, Daiva E Clarke, Shannon Badawi, Alaa El-Sohemy, Ahmed Ma, David WL Mutch, David M |
author_facet | Ralston, Jessica C Zulyniak, Michael A Nielsen, Daiva E Clarke, Shannon Badawi, Alaa El-Sohemy, Ahmed Ma, David WL Mutch, David M |
author_sort | Ralston, Jessica C |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Although evidence indicates that fatty acids (FA) can affect insulin resistance (IR), not all FA contribute equally to the process. Indeed, monounsaturated FA (MUFA) and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) are reported to reduce IR, whereas saturated FA (SFA) and trans FA appear to increase IR. However, it is not yet clear how individual FA are associated with markers of IR, and whether these relationships are influenced by ethnicity and/or sex. Therefore, the goal of this study was to examine the ethnic- and sex-specific relationships between plasma FA and markers of IR in a cohort of healthy young Caucasian, East Asian, and South Asian adults. METHODS: Gas chromatography was used to quantify fasting plasma FA from young Canadian adults (22.6 ± 0.1 yrs) of Caucasian (n = 461), East Asian (n = 362), or South Asian (n = 104) descent. Linear regression models were used to investigate associations between plasma FA and markers of IR (i.e. fasting insulin, glucose, and HOMA-IR) according to ethnicity and sex. RESULTS: Numerous significant associations (P < 0.05, adjusted for multiple testing) were identified between individual FA and markers of IR, with the majority identified in Caucasians. For SFA, positive associations were found between 14:0 and fasting insulin and HOMA-IR in Caucasian and East Asian populations, and 18:0 and fasting glucose in Caucasians only. Several positive associations were also found for specific MUFA (18:1t11 and 18:1t6-8 with HOMA-IR, and 18:1c9 with fasting glucose) and PUFA (18:2n6 with fasting glucose and 18:2c9t11 with HOMA-IR) in Caucasian adults only. Most of the aforementioned associations were stronger in males compared to females. Interestingly, no significant associations were found between FA and markers of IR in South Asian adults. CONCLUSIONS: We report numerous associations between plasma FA and markers of IR in Caucasian and East Asian populations, but not in South Asian individuals. Furthermore, these associations appeared to be more robust in men. This demonstrates the importance of investigating associations between FA and markers of IR in an ethnic- and sex-specific manner in order to better understand the contribution of plasma FA to the development of IR and type-2 diabetes. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3686608 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-36866082013-06-20 Ethnic- and sex-specific associations between plasma fatty acids and markers of insulin resistance in healthy young adults Ralston, Jessica C Zulyniak, Michael A Nielsen, Daiva E Clarke, Shannon Badawi, Alaa El-Sohemy, Ahmed Ma, David WL Mutch, David M Nutr Metab (Lond) Research BACKGROUND: Although evidence indicates that fatty acids (FA) can affect insulin resistance (IR), not all FA contribute equally to the process. Indeed, monounsaturated FA (MUFA) and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) are reported to reduce IR, whereas saturated FA (SFA) and trans FA appear to increase IR. However, it is not yet clear how individual FA are associated with markers of IR, and whether these relationships are influenced by ethnicity and/or sex. Therefore, the goal of this study was to examine the ethnic- and sex-specific relationships between plasma FA and markers of IR in a cohort of healthy young Caucasian, East Asian, and South Asian adults. METHODS: Gas chromatography was used to quantify fasting plasma FA from young Canadian adults (22.6 ± 0.1 yrs) of Caucasian (n = 461), East Asian (n = 362), or South Asian (n = 104) descent. Linear regression models were used to investigate associations between plasma FA and markers of IR (i.e. fasting insulin, glucose, and HOMA-IR) according to ethnicity and sex. RESULTS: Numerous significant associations (P < 0.05, adjusted for multiple testing) were identified between individual FA and markers of IR, with the majority identified in Caucasians. For SFA, positive associations were found between 14:0 and fasting insulin and HOMA-IR in Caucasian and East Asian populations, and 18:0 and fasting glucose in Caucasians only. Several positive associations were also found for specific MUFA (18:1t11 and 18:1t6-8 with HOMA-IR, and 18:1c9 with fasting glucose) and PUFA (18:2n6 with fasting glucose and 18:2c9t11 with HOMA-IR) in Caucasian adults only. Most of the aforementioned associations were stronger in males compared to females. Interestingly, no significant associations were found between FA and markers of IR in South Asian adults. CONCLUSIONS: We report numerous associations between plasma FA and markers of IR in Caucasian and East Asian populations, but not in South Asian individuals. Furthermore, these associations appeared to be more robust in men. This demonstrates the importance of investigating associations between FA and markers of IR in an ethnic- and sex-specific manner in order to better understand the contribution of plasma FA to the development of IR and type-2 diabetes. BioMed Central 2013-06-17 /pmc/articles/PMC3686608/ /pubmed/23773230 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-7075-10-42 Text en Copyright © 2013 Ralston et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Ralston, Jessica C Zulyniak, Michael A Nielsen, Daiva E Clarke, Shannon Badawi, Alaa El-Sohemy, Ahmed Ma, David WL Mutch, David M Ethnic- and sex-specific associations between plasma fatty acids and markers of insulin resistance in healthy young adults |
title | Ethnic- and sex-specific associations between plasma fatty acids and markers of insulin resistance in healthy young adults |
title_full | Ethnic- and sex-specific associations between plasma fatty acids and markers of insulin resistance in healthy young adults |
title_fullStr | Ethnic- and sex-specific associations between plasma fatty acids and markers of insulin resistance in healthy young adults |
title_full_unstemmed | Ethnic- and sex-specific associations between plasma fatty acids and markers of insulin resistance in healthy young adults |
title_short | Ethnic- and sex-specific associations between plasma fatty acids and markers of insulin resistance in healthy young adults |
title_sort | ethnic- and sex-specific associations between plasma fatty acids and markers of insulin resistance in healthy young adults |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3686608/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23773230 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-7075-10-42 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT ralstonjessicac ethnicandsexspecificassociationsbetweenplasmafattyacidsandmarkersofinsulinresistanceinhealthyyoungadults AT zulyniakmichaela ethnicandsexspecificassociationsbetweenplasmafattyacidsandmarkersofinsulinresistanceinhealthyyoungadults AT nielsendaivae ethnicandsexspecificassociationsbetweenplasmafattyacidsandmarkersofinsulinresistanceinhealthyyoungadults AT clarkeshannon ethnicandsexspecificassociationsbetweenplasmafattyacidsandmarkersofinsulinresistanceinhealthyyoungadults AT badawialaa ethnicandsexspecificassociationsbetweenplasmafattyacidsandmarkersofinsulinresistanceinhealthyyoungadults AT elsohemyahmed ethnicandsexspecificassociationsbetweenplasmafattyacidsandmarkersofinsulinresistanceinhealthyyoungadults AT madavidwl ethnicandsexspecificassociationsbetweenplasmafattyacidsandmarkersofinsulinresistanceinhealthyyoungadults AT mutchdavidm ethnicandsexspecificassociationsbetweenplasmafattyacidsandmarkersofinsulinresistanceinhealthyyoungadults |