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Modulation of the Endocannabinoids N-Arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) and 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) on Executive Functions in Humans
Animal studies point to an implication of the endocannabinoid system on executive functions. In humans, several studies have suggested an association between acute or chronic use of exogenous cannabinoids (Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol) and executive impairments. However, to date, no published reports est...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3686875/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23840456 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0066387 |
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author | Fagundo, Ana B. de la Torre, Rafael Jiménez-Murcia, Susana Agüera, Zaida Pastor, Antoni Casanueva, Felipe F. Granero, Roser Baños, Rosa Botella, Cristina del Pino-Gutierrez, Amparo Fernández-Real, Jose M. Fernández-García, Jose C. Frühbeck, Gema Gómez-Ambrosi, Javier Menchón, José M. Moragrega, Inés Rodríguez, Roser Tárrega, Salomé Tinahones, Francisco J. Fernández-Aranda, Fernando |
author_facet | Fagundo, Ana B. de la Torre, Rafael Jiménez-Murcia, Susana Agüera, Zaida Pastor, Antoni Casanueva, Felipe F. Granero, Roser Baños, Rosa Botella, Cristina del Pino-Gutierrez, Amparo Fernández-Real, Jose M. Fernández-García, Jose C. Frühbeck, Gema Gómez-Ambrosi, Javier Menchón, José M. Moragrega, Inés Rodríguez, Roser Tárrega, Salomé Tinahones, Francisco J. Fernández-Aranda, Fernando |
author_sort | Fagundo, Ana B. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Animal studies point to an implication of the endocannabinoid system on executive functions. In humans, several studies have suggested an association between acute or chronic use of exogenous cannabinoids (Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol) and executive impairments. However, to date, no published reports establish the relationship between endocannabinoids, as biomarkers of the cannabinoid neurotransmission system, and executive functioning in humans. The aim of the present study was to explore the association between circulating levels of plasma endocannabinoids N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) and 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and executive functions (decision making, response inhibition and cognitive flexibility) in healthy subjects. One hundred and fifty seven subjects were included and assessed with the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test; Stroop Color and Word Test; and Iowa Gambling Task. All participants were female, aged between 18 and 60 years and spoke Spanish as their first language. Results showed a negative correlation between 2-AG and cognitive flexibility performance (r = −.37; p<.05). A positive correlation was found between AEA concentrations and both cognitive flexibility (r = .59; p<.05) and decision making performance (r = .23; P<.05). There was no significant correlation between either 2-AG (r = −.17) or AEA (r = −.08) concentrations and inhibition response. These results show, in humans, a relevant modulation of the endocannabinoid system on prefrontal-dependent cognitive functioning. The present study might have significant implications for the underlying executive alterations described in some psychiatric disorders currently associated with endocannabinoids deregulation (namely drug abuse/dependence, depression, obesity and eating disorders). Understanding the neurobiology of their dysexecutive profile might certainly contribute to the development of new treatments and pharmacological approaches. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3686875 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-36868752013-07-09 Modulation of the Endocannabinoids N-Arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) and 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) on Executive Functions in Humans Fagundo, Ana B. de la Torre, Rafael Jiménez-Murcia, Susana Agüera, Zaida Pastor, Antoni Casanueva, Felipe F. Granero, Roser Baños, Rosa Botella, Cristina del Pino-Gutierrez, Amparo Fernández-Real, Jose M. Fernández-García, Jose C. Frühbeck, Gema Gómez-Ambrosi, Javier Menchón, José M. Moragrega, Inés Rodríguez, Roser Tárrega, Salomé Tinahones, Francisco J. Fernández-Aranda, Fernando PLoS One Research Article Animal studies point to an implication of the endocannabinoid system on executive functions. In humans, several studies have suggested an association between acute or chronic use of exogenous cannabinoids (Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol) and executive impairments. However, to date, no published reports establish the relationship between endocannabinoids, as biomarkers of the cannabinoid neurotransmission system, and executive functioning in humans. The aim of the present study was to explore the association between circulating levels of plasma endocannabinoids N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) and 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and executive functions (decision making, response inhibition and cognitive flexibility) in healthy subjects. One hundred and fifty seven subjects were included and assessed with the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test; Stroop Color and Word Test; and Iowa Gambling Task. All participants were female, aged between 18 and 60 years and spoke Spanish as their first language. Results showed a negative correlation between 2-AG and cognitive flexibility performance (r = −.37; p<.05). A positive correlation was found between AEA concentrations and both cognitive flexibility (r = .59; p<.05) and decision making performance (r = .23; P<.05). There was no significant correlation between either 2-AG (r = −.17) or AEA (r = −.08) concentrations and inhibition response. These results show, in humans, a relevant modulation of the endocannabinoid system on prefrontal-dependent cognitive functioning. The present study might have significant implications for the underlying executive alterations described in some psychiatric disorders currently associated with endocannabinoids deregulation (namely drug abuse/dependence, depression, obesity and eating disorders). Understanding the neurobiology of their dysexecutive profile might certainly contribute to the development of new treatments and pharmacological approaches. Public Library of Science 2013-06-19 /pmc/articles/PMC3686875/ /pubmed/23840456 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0066387 Text en © 2013 Fagundo et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Fagundo, Ana B. de la Torre, Rafael Jiménez-Murcia, Susana Agüera, Zaida Pastor, Antoni Casanueva, Felipe F. Granero, Roser Baños, Rosa Botella, Cristina del Pino-Gutierrez, Amparo Fernández-Real, Jose M. Fernández-García, Jose C. Frühbeck, Gema Gómez-Ambrosi, Javier Menchón, José M. Moragrega, Inés Rodríguez, Roser Tárrega, Salomé Tinahones, Francisco J. Fernández-Aranda, Fernando Modulation of the Endocannabinoids N-Arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) and 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) on Executive Functions in Humans |
title | Modulation of the Endocannabinoids N-Arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) and 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) on Executive Functions in Humans |
title_full | Modulation of the Endocannabinoids N-Arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) and 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) on Executive Functions in Humans |
title_fullStr | Modulation of the Endocannabinoids N-Arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) and 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) on Executive Functions in Humans |
title_full_unstemmed | Modulation of the Endocannabinoids N-Arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) and 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) on Executive Functions in Humans |
title_short | Modulation of the Endocannabinoids N-Arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) and 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) on Executive Functions in Humans |
title_sort | modulation of the endocannabinoids n-arachidonoylethanolamine (aea) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-ag) on executive functions in humans |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3686875/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23840456 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0066387 |
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