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Increasing Mild Enterovirus Cases Provides An Important Signal of Up-coming Trends in Elevating Severe Enterovirus Cases
OBJECTIVE: This study was to elucidate the spatio-temporal correlations between the mild and severe enterovirus cases through integrating enterovirus-related three surveillance systems in Taiwan. With these fully understanding epidemiological characteristics, hopefully, we can develop better measure...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
University of Illinois at Chicago Library
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3692752/ |
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author | Chan, Ta-Chien Chen, Rung-Hung King, Chwan-Chuen |
author_facet | Chan, Ta-Chien Chen, Rung-Hung King, Chwan-Chuen |
author_sort | Chan, Ta-Chien |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: This study was to elucidate the spatio-temporal correlations between the mild and severe enterovirus cases through integrating enterovirus-related three surveillance systems in Taiwan. With these fully understanding epidemiological characteristics, hopefully, we can develop better measures and indicators from mild cases to provide early warning signals and thus minimizing subsequent numbers of severe cases. INTRODUCTION: In July 2012, the 54 children infected with enterovirus-71(EV-71) were died in Cambodia [1]. The media called it as mystery illness and made Asian parents worried. In fact, the severe epidemics of enterovirus occurred frequently in Asia, including Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan and China [2]. The clinical severity varied from asymptomatic to mild (hand-foot-mouth disease and herpangina) and severe pulmonary edema/hemorrhage and encephalitis [3]. Up to now, the development of vaccine for EV-71 and the more effective antiviral drug was still ongoing [4]. Therefore, surveillance for monitoring the enterovirus activity and understanding the epidemiological characteristics between mild and severe enterovirus cases was crucial. METHODS: Three main databases including national notifiable diseases surveillance, sentinel physician surveillance and laboratory surveillance from July 1, 1999 to December 31, 2008 were analyzed. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient was applied for measuring the consistency of the trend. The Poisson space-time scan statistic [5] was used for identifying the most likely clusters. We used GIS (ArcMap, version9.0; ESRI Inc.,Redlands, CA, USA) for visualization of detected clusters. RESULTS: Temporal analysis found that the Pearson’s correlation between mild EV cases and severe EV cases occurring in the same week was 0.553 (p<0.01) in Figure 1. Such a correlation became moderate (data) when mild EV cases happened in 1∼4 weeks before the current severe EV cases. Among the 1,517 severe EV cases notified to Taiwan CDC during the study period, the mean age was 27 months, 61.4% was male and 12% were fatal. These severe EV cases were significantly associated with the positive isolation rate of EV-71, with much higher correlation than the mild cases [ 0.498 p<0.01 vs. 0.278, p<0.01]. Using the space-time cluster method, we identified three possible clusters in June 2008 in six cities/counties (Figure 2). CONCLUSIONS: Taiwan’s surveillance data indicate that local public health professionals can monitor the trends in the numbers of mild EV cases in community to provide early warning signals for local residents to prevent the severity of future waves. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3692752 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | University of Illinois at Chicago Library |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-36927522013-06-26 Increasing Mild Enterovirus Cases Provides An Important Signal of Up-coming Trends in Elevating Severe Enterovirus Cases Chan, Ta-Chien Chen, Rung-Hung King, Chwan-Chuen Online J Public Health Inform ISDS 2012 Conference Abstracts OBJECTIVE: This study was to elucidate the spatio-temporal correlations between the mild and severe enterovirus cases through integrating enterovirus-related three surveillance systems in Taiwan. With these fully understanding epidemiological characteristics, hopefully, we can develop better measures and indicators from mild cases to provide early warning signals and thus minimizing subsequent numbers of severe cases. INTRODUCTION: In July 2012, the 54 children infected with enterovirus-71(EV-71) were died in Cambodia [1]. The media called it as mystery illness and made Asian parents worried. In fact, the severe epidemics of enterovirus occurred frequently in Asia, including Malaysia, Singapore, Taiwan and China [2]. The clinical severity varied from asymptomatic to mild (hand-foot-mouth disease and herpangina) and severe pulmonary edema/hemorrhage and encephalitis [3]. Up to now, the development of vaccine for EV-71 and the more effective antiviral drug was still ongoing [4]. Therefore, surveillance for monitoring the enterovirus activity and understanding the epidemiological characteristics between mild and severe enterovirus cases was crucial. METHODS: Three main databases including national notifiable diseases surveillance, sentinel physician surveillance and laboratory surveillance from July 1, 1999 to December 31, 2008 were analyzed. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient was applied for measuring the consistency of the trend. The Poisson space-time scan statistic [5] was used for identifying the most likely clusters. We used GIS (ArcMap, version9.0; ESRI Inc.,Redlands, CA, USA) for visualization of detected clusters. RESULTS: Temporal analysis found that the Pearson’s correlation between mild EV cases and severe EV cases occurring in the same week was 0.553 (p<0.01) in Figure 1. Such a correlation became moderate (data) when mild EV cases happened in 1∼4 weeks before the current severe EV cases. Among the 1,517 severe EV cases notified to Taiwan CDC during the study period, the mean age was 27 months, 61.4% was male and 12% were fatal. These severe EV cases were significantly associated with the positive isolation rate of EV-71, with much higher correlation than the mild cases [ 0.498 p<0.01 vs. 0.278, p<0.01]. Using the space-time cluster method, we identified three possible clusters in June 2008 in six cities/counties (Figure 2). CONCLUSIONS: Taiwan’s surveillance data indicate that local public health professionals can monitor the trends in the numbers of mild EV cases in community to provide early warning signals for local residents to prevent the severity of future waves. University of Illinois at Chicago Library 2013-04-04 /pmc/articles/PMC3692752/ Text en ©2013 the author(s) http://www.uic.edu/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/ojphi/about/submissions#copyrightNotice This is an Open Access article. Authors own copyright of their articles appearing in the Online Journal of Public Health Informatics. Readers may copy articles without permission of the copyright owner(s), as long as the author and OJPHI are acknowledged in the copy and the copy is used for educational, not-for-profit purposes. |
spellingShingle | ISDS 2012 Conference Abstracts Chan, Ta-Chien Chen, Rung-Hung King, Chwan-Chuen Increasing Mild Enterovirus Cases Provides An Important Signal of Up-coming Trends in Elevating Severe Enterovirus Cases |
title | Increasing Mild Enterovirus Cases Provides An Important Signal of Up-coming Trends in Elevating Severe Enterovirus Cases |
title_full | Increasing Mild Enterovirus Cases Provides An Important Signal of Up-coming Trends in Elevating Severe Enterovirus Cases |
title_fullStr | Increasing Mild Enterovirus Cases Provides An Important Signal of Up-coming Trends in Elevating Severe Enterovirus Cases |
title_full_unstemmed | Increasing Mild Enterovirus Cases Provides An Important Signal of Up-coming Trends in Elevating Severe Enterovirus Cases |
title_short | Increasing Mild Enterovirus Cases Provides An Important Signal of Up-coming Trends in Elevating Severe Enterovirus Cases |
title_sort | increasing mild enterovirus cases provides an important signal of up-coming trends in elevating severe enterovirus cases |
topic | ISDS 2012 Conference Abstracts |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3692752/ |
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