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Retrospective genomic analysis of sorghum adaptation to temperate-zone grain production

BACKGROUND: Sorghum is a tropical C(4 )cereal that recently adapted to temperate latitudes and mechanized grain harvest through selection for dwarfism and photoperiod-insensitivity. Quantitative trait loci for these traits have been introgressed from a dwarf temperate donor into hundreds of diverse...

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Autores principales: Thurber, Carrie S, Ma, Justin M, Higgins, Race H, Brown, Patrick J
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3706989/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23803286
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gb-2013-14-6-r68
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author Thurber, Carrie S
Ma, Justin M
Higgins, Race H
Brown, Patrick J
author_facet Thurber, Carrie S
Ma, Justin M
Higgins, Race H
Brown, Patrick J
author_sort Thurber, Carrie S
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Sorghum is a tropical C(4 )cereal that recently adapted to temperate latitudes and mechanized grain harvest through selection for dwarfism and photoperiod-insensitivity. Quantitative trait loci for these traits have been introgressed from a dwarf temperate donor into hundreds of diverse sorghum landraces to yield the Sorghum Conversion lines. Here, we report the first comprehensive genomic analysis of the molecular changes underlying this adaptation. RESULTS: We apply genotyping-by-sequencing to 1,160 Sorghum Conversion lines and their exotic progenitors, and map donor introgressions in each Sorghum Conversion line. Many Sorghum Conversion lines carry unexpected haplotypes not found in either presumed parent. Genome-wide mapping of introgression frequencies reveals three genomic regions necessary for temperate adaptation across all Sorghum Conversion lines, containing the Dw1, Dw2, and Dw3 loci on chromosomes 9, 6, and 7 respectively. Association mapping of plant height and flowering time in Sorghum Conversion lines detects significant associations in the Dw1 but not the Dw2 or Dw3 regions. Subpopulation-specific introgression mapping suggests that chromosome 6 contains at least four loci required for temperate adaptation in different sorghum genetic backgrounds. The Dw1 region fractionates into separate quantitative trait loci for plant height and flowering time. CONCLUSIONS: Generating Sorghum Conversion lines has been accompanied by substantial unintended gene flow. Sorghum adaptation to temperate-zone grain production involves a small number of genomic regions, each containing multiple linked loci for plant height and flowering time. Further characterization of these loci will accelerate the adaptation of sorghum and related grasses to new production systems for food and fuel.
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spelling pubmed-37069892013-08-07 Retrospective genomic analysis of sorghum adaptation to temperate-zone grain production Thurber, Carrie S Ma, Justin M Higgins, Race H Brown, Patrick J Genome Biol Research BACKGROUND: Sorghum is a tropical C(4 )cereal that recently adapted to temperate latitudes and mechanized grain harvest through selection for dwarfism and photoperiod-insensitivity. Quantitative trait loci for these traits have been introgressed from a dwarf temperate donor into hundreds of diverse sorghum landraces to yield the Sorghum Conversion lines. Here, we report the first comprehensive genomic analysis of the molecular changes underlying this adaptation. RESULTS: We apply genotyping-by-sequencing to 1,160 Sorghum Conversion lines and their exotic progenitors, and map donor introgressions in each Sorghum Conversion line. Many Sorghum Conversion lines carry unexpected haplotypes not found in either presumed parent. Genome-wide mapping of introgression frequencies reveals three genomic regions necessary for temperate adaptation across all Sorghum Conversion lines, containing the Dw1, Dw2, and Dw3 loci on chromosomes 9, 6, and 7 respectively. Association mapping of plant height and flowering time in Sorghum Conversion lines detects significant associations in the Dw1 but not the Dw2 or Dw3 regions. Subpopulation-specific introgression mapping suggests that chromosome 6 contains at least four loci required for temperate adaptation in different sorghum genetic backgrounds. The Dw1 region fractionates into separate quantitative trait loci for plant height and flowering time. CONCLUSIONS: Generating Sorghum Conversion lines has been accompanied by substantial unintended gene flow. Sorghum adaptation to temperate-zone grain production involves a small number of genomic regions, each containing multiple linked loci for plant height and flowering time. Further characterization of these loci will accelerate the adaptation of sorghum and related grasses to new production systems for food and fuel. BioMed Central 2013 2013-06-26 /pmc/articles/PMC3706989/ /pubmed/23803286 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gb-2013-14-6-r68 Text en Copyright © 2013 Thurber et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research
Thurber, Carrie S
Ma, Justin M
Higgins, Race H
Brown, Patrick J
Retrospective genomic analysis of sorghum adaptation to temperate-zone grain production
title Retrospective genomic analysis of sorghum adaptation to temperate-zone grain production
title_full Retrospective genomic analysis of sorghum adaptation to temperate-zone grain production
title_fullStr Retrospective genomic analysis of sorghum adaptation to temperate-zone grain production
title_full_unstemmed Retrospective genomic analysis of sorghum adaptation to temperate-zone grain production
title_short Retrospective genomic analysis of sorghum adaptation to temperate-zone grain production
title_sort retrospective genomic analysis of sorghum adaptation to temperate-zone grain production
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3706989/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23803286
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/gb-2013-14-6-r68
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