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APE-Type Non-LTR Retrotransposons of Multicellular Organisms Encode Virus-Like 2A Oligopeptide Sequences, Which Mediate Translational Recoding during Protein Synthesis

2A oligopeptide sequences (“2As”) mediate a cotranslational recoding event termed “ribosome skipping.” Previously we demonstrated the activity of 2As (and “2A-like sequences”) within a wide range of animal RNA virus genomes and non-long terminal repeat retrotransposons (non-LTRs) in the genomes of t...

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Autores principales: Odon, Valerie, Luke, Garry A., Roulston, Claire, de Felipe, Pablo, Ruan, Lin, Escuin-Ordinas, Helena, Brown, Jeremy D., Ryan, Martin D., Sukhodub, Andriy
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3708506/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23728794
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst102
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author Odon, Valerie
Luke, Garry A.
Roulston, Claire
de Felipe, Pablo
Ruan, Lin
Escuin-Ordinas, Helena
Brown, Jeremy D.
Ryan, Martin D.
Sukhodub, Andriy
author_facet Odon, Valerie
Luke, Garry A.
Roulston, Claire
de Felipe, Pablo
Ruan, Lin
Escuin-Ordinas, Helena
Brown, Jeremy D.
Ryan, Martin D.
Sukhodub, Andriy
author_sort Odon, Valerie
collection PubMed
description 2A oligopeptide sequences (“2As”) mediate a cotranslational recoding event termed “ribosome skipping.” Previously we demonstrated the activity of 2As (and “2A-like sequences”) within a wide range of animal RNA virus genomes and non-long terminal repeat retrotransposons (non-LTRs) in the genomes of the unicellular organisms Trypanosoma brucei (Ingi) and T. cruzi (L1Tc). Here, we report the presence of 2A-like sequences in the genomes of a wide range of multicellular organisms and, as in the trypanosome genomes, within non-LTR retrotransposons (non-LTRs)—clustering in the Rex1, Crack, L2, L2A, and CR1 clades, in addition to Ingi. These 2A-like sequences were tested for translational recoding activity, and highly active sequences were found within the Rex1, L2, CR1, and Ingi clades. The presence of 2A-like sequences within non-LTRs may not only represent a method of controlling protein biogenesis but also shows some correlation with such apurinic/apyrimidinic DNA endonuclease-type non-LTRs encoding one, rather than two, open reading frames (ORFs). Interestingly, such non-LTRs cluster with closely related elements lacking 2A-like recoding elements but retaining ORF1. Taken together, these observations suggest that acquisition of 2A-like translational recoding sequences may have played a role in the evolution of these elements.
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spelling pubmed-37085062013-07-11 APE-Type Non-LTR Retrotransposons of Multicellular Organisms Encode Virus-Like 2A Oligopeptide Sequences, Which Mediate Translational Recoding during Protein Synthesis Odon, Valerie Luke, Garry A. Roulston, Claire de Felipe, Pablo Ruan, Lin Escuin-Ordinas, Helena Brown, Jeremy D. Ryan, Martin D. Sukhodub, Andriy Mol Biol Evol Discoveries 2A oligopeptide sequences (“2As”) mediate a cotranslational recoding event termed “ribosome skipping.” Previously we demonstrated the activity of 2As (and “2A-like sequences”) within a wide range of animal RNA virus genomes and non-long terminal repeat retrotransposons (non-LTRs) in the genomes of the unicellular organisms Trypanosoma brucei (Ingi) and T. cruzi (L1Tc). Here, we report the presence of 2A-like sequences in the genomes of a wide range of multicellular organisms and, as in the trypanosome genomes, within non-LTR retrotransposons (non-LTRs)—clustering in the Rex1, Crack, L2, L2A, and CR1 clades, in addition to Ingi. These 2A-like sequences were tested for translational recoding activity, and highly active sequences were found within the Rex1, L2, CR1, and Ingi clades. The presence of 2A-like sequences within non-LTRs may not only represent a method of controlling protein biogenesis but also shows some correlation with such apurinic/apyrimidinic DNA endonuclease-type non-LTRs encoding one, rather than two, open reading frames (ORFs). Interestingly, such non-LTRs cluster with closely related elements lacking 2A-like recoding elements but retaining ORF1. Taken together, these observations suggest that acquisition of 2A-like translational recoding sequences may have played a role in the evolution of these elements. Oxford University Press 2013-08 2013-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC3708506/ /pubmed/23728794 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst102 Text en © The Author 2013. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Discoveries
Odon, Valerie
Luke, Garry A.
Roulston, Claire
de Felipe, Pablo
Ruan, Lin
Escuin-Ordinas, Helena
Brown, Jeremy D.
Ryan, Martin D.
Sukhodub, Andriy
APE-Type Non-LTR Retrotransposons of Multicellular Organisms Encode Virus-Like 2A Oligopeptide Sequences, Which Mediate Translational Recoding during Protein Synthesis
title APE-Type Non-LTR Retrotransposons of Multicellular Organisms Encode Virus-Like 2A Oligopeptide Sequences, Which Mediate Translational Recoding during Protein Synthesis
title_full APE-Type Non-LTR Retrotransposons of Multicellular Organisms Encode Virus-Like 2A Oligopeptide Sequences, Which Mediate Translational Recoding during Protein Synthesis
title_fullStr APE-Type Non-LTR Retrotransposons of Multicellular Organisms Encode Virus-Like 2A Oligopeptide Sequences, Which Mediate Translational Recoding during Protein Synthesis
title_full_unstemmed APE-Type Non-LTR Retrotransposons of Multicellular Organisms Encode Virus-Like 2A Oligopeptide Sequences, Which Mediate Translational Recoding during Protein Synthesis
title_short APE-Type Non-LTR Retrotransposons of Multicellular Organisms Encode Virus-Like 2A Oligopeptide Sequences, Which Mediate Translational Recoding during Protein Synthesis
title_sort ape-type non-ltr retrotransposons of multicellular organisms encode virus-like 2a oligopeptide sequences, which mediate translational recoding during protein synthesis
topic Discoveries
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3708506/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23728794
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst102
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