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Ecology, biology and distribution of spotted-fever tick vectors in Brazil
Spotted-fever-caused Rickettsia rickettsii infection is in Brazil the major tick-borne zoonotic disease. Recently, a second and milder human rickettsiosis caused by an agent genetically related to R. parkeri was discovered in the country (Atlantic rainforest strain). Both diseases clearly have an ec...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3709097/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23875178 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2013.00027 |
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author | Szabó, Matias P. J. Pinter, Adriano Labruna, Marcelo B. |
author_facet | Szabó, Matias P. J. Pinter, Adriano Labruna, Marcelo B. |
author_sort | Szabó, Matias P. J. |
collection | PubMed |
description | Spotted-fever-caused Rickettsia rickettsii infection is in Brazil the major tick-borne zoonotic disease. Recently, a second and milder human rickettsiosis caused by an agent genetically related to R. parkeri was discovered in the country (Atlantic rainforest strain). Both diseases clearly have an ecological background linked to a few tick species and their environment. Capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) and Amblyomma cajennense ticks in urban and rural areas close to water sources are the main and long-known epidemiological feature behind R. rickettsii-caused spotted-fever. Unfortunately, this ecological background seems to be increasing in the country and disease spreading may be foreseen. Metropolitan area of São Paulo, the most populous of the country, is embedded in Atlantic rainforest that harbors another important R. rickettsii vector, the tick Amblyomma aureolatum. Thus, at the city–forest interface, dogs carry infected ticks to human dwellings and human infection occurs. A role for R. rickettsii vectoring to humans of a third tick species, Rhipicephalus sanguineus in Brazil, has not been proven; however, there is circumstantial evidence for that. A R. parkeri-like strain was found in A. ovale ticks from Atlantic rainforest and was shown to be responsible for a milder febrile human disease. Rickettsia-infected A. ovale ticks are known to be spread over large areas along the Atlantic coast of the country, and diagnosis of human infection is increasing with awareness and proper diagnostic tools. In this review, ecological features of the tick species mentioned, and that are important for Rickettsia transmission to humans, are updated and discussed. Specific knowledge gaps in the epidemiology of such diseases are highlighted to guide forthcoming research. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3709097 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-37090972013-07-19 Ecology, biology and distribution of spotted-fever tick vectors in Brazil Szabó, Matias P. J. Pinter, Adriano Labruna, Marcelo B. Front Cell Infect Microbiol Microbiology Spotted-fever-caused Rickettsia rickettsii infection is in Brazil the major tick-borne zoonotic disease. Recently, a second and milder human rickettsiosis caused by an agent genetically related to R. parkeri was discovered in the country (Atlantic rainforest strain). Both diseases clearly have an ecological background linked to a few tick species and their environment. Capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) and Amblyomma cajennense ticks in urban and rural areas close to water sources are the main and long-known epidemiological feature behind R. rickettsii-caused spotted-fever. Unfortunately, this ecological background seems to be increasing in the country and disease spreading may be foreseen. Metropolitan area of São Paulo, the most populous of the country, is embedded in Atlantic rainforest that harbors another important R. rickettsii vector, the tick Amblyomma aureolatum. Thus, at the city–forest interface, dogs carry infected ticks to human dwellings and human infection occurs. A role for R. rickettsii vectoring to humans of a third tick species, Rhipicephalus sanguineus in Brazil, has not been proven; however, there is circumstantial evidence for that. A R. parkeri-like strain was found in A. ovale ticks from Atlantic rainforest and was shown to be responsible for a milder febrile human disease. Rickettsia-infected A. ovale ticks are known to be spread over large areas along the Atlantic coast of the country, and diagnosis of human infection is increasing with awareness and proper diagnostic tools. In this review, ecological features of the tick species mentioned, and that are important for Rickettsia transmission to humans, are updated and discussed. Specific knowledge gaps in the epidemiology of such diseases are highlighted to guide forthcoming research. Frontiers Media S.A. 2013-07-12 /pmc/articles/PMC3709097/ /pubmed/23875178 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2013.00027 Text en Copyright © 2013 Szabó, Pinter and Labruna. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited and subject to any copyright notices concerning any third-party graphics etc. |
spellingShingle | Microbiology Szabó, Matias P. J. Pinter, Adriano Labruna, Marcelo B. Ecology, biology and distribution of spotted-fever tick vectors in Brazil |
title | Ecology, biology and distribution of spotted-fever tick vectors in Brazil |
title_full | Ecology, biology and distribution of spotted-fever tick vectors in Brazil |
title_fullStr | Ecology, biology and distribution of spotted-fever tick vectors in Brazil |
title_full_unstemmed | Ecology, biology and distribution of spotted-fever tick vectors in Brazil |
title_short | Ecology, biology and distribution of spotted-fever tick vectors in Brazil |
title_sort | ecology, biology and distribution of spotted-fever tick vectors in brazil |
topic | Microbiology |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3709097/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23875178 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2013.00027 |
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