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Observational Studies and a Statistical Early Warning of Surface Ozone Pollution in Tangshan, the Largest Heavy Industry City of North China

Continuous measurements of surface ozone (O(3)) and nitrogen oxides (NO(X)) at an urban site (39°37′N, 118°09′E) in Tangshan, the largest heavy industry city of North China during summertime from 2008 to 2011 are presented. The pollution of O(3) was serious in the city. The daily maximum 1 h means (...

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Autores principales: Li, Pei, Xin, Jinyuan, Bai, Xiaoping, Wang, Yuesi, Wang, Shigong, Liu, Shixi, Feng, Xiaoxin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3709303/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23485953
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph10031048
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author Li, Pei
Xin, Jinyuan
Bai, Xiaoping
Wang, Yuesi
Wang, Shigong
Liu, Shixi
Feng, Xiaoxin
author_facet Li, Pei
Xin, Jinyuan
Bai, Xiaoping
Wang, Yuesi
Wang, Shigong
Liu, Shixi
Feng, Xiaoxin
author_sort Li, Pei
collection PubMed
description Continuous measurements of surface ozone (O(3)) and nitrogen oxides (NO(X)) at an urban site (39°37′N, 118°09′E) in Tangshan, the largest heavy industry city of North China during summertime from 2008 to 2011 are presented. The pollution of O(3) was serious in the city. The daily maximum 1 h means (O(3_1-hr max)) reached 157 ± 55, 161 ± 54, 120 ± 50, and 178 ± 75 μg/m(3) corresponding to an excess over the standard rates of 21%, 27%, 10%, and 40% in 2008–2011, respectively. The total oxidant level (O(X) = O(3) + NO(2)) was high, with seasonal average concentrations up to 100 μg/m(3) in summer. The level of O(X) at a given location was made up of NO(X)-independent and NO(X)-dependent contributions. The independent part can be considered as a regional contribution and was about 100 μg/m(3) in Tangshan. Statistical early warning analysis revealed that the O(3 )levels would exceed the standard rate by 50% on the day following a day when the daily average ozone concentration (O(3_mean)) exceeded 87 μg/m(3) and the daily maximum temperature (T(_max)) exceeded 29 °C. The exceed-standard rate would reach 80% when O(3_mean) and T(_max) exceeded 113 μg/m(3) and 31 °C. Similarly, the exceed-standard rate would reach 100% when O(3_mean) and T(_max) exceeded 127 μg/m(3) and 33 °C, respectively.
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spelling pubmed-37093032013-07-12 Observational Studies and a Statistical Early Warning of Surface Ozone Pollution in Tangshan, the Largest Heavy Industry City of North China Li, Pei Xin, Jinyuan Bai, Xiaoping Wang, Yuesi Wang, Shigong Liu, Shixi Feng, Xiaoxin Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Continuous measurements of surface ozone (O(3)) and nitrogen oxides (NO(X)) at an urban site (39°37′N, 118°09′E) in Tangshan, the largest heavy industry city of North China during summertime from 2008 to 2011 are presented. The pollution of O(3) was serious in the city. The daily maximum 1 h means (O(3_1-hr max)) reached 157 ± 55, 161 ± 54, 120 ± 50, and 178 ± 75 μg/m(3) corresponding to an excess over the standard rates of 21%, 27%, 10%, and 40% in 2008–2011, respectively. The total oxidant level (O(X) = O(3) + NO(2)) was high, with seasonal average concentrations up to 100 μg/m(3) in summer. The level of O(X) at a given location was made up of NO(X)-independent and NO(X)-dependent contributions. The independent part can be considered as a regional contribution and was about 100 μg/m(3) in Tangshan. Statistical early warning analysis revealed that the O(3 )levels would exceed the standard rate by 50% on the day following a day when the daily average ozone concentration (O(3_mean)) exceeded 87 μg/m(3) and the daily maximum temperature (T(_max)) exceeded 29 °C. The exceed-standard rate would reach 80% when O(3_mean) and T(_max) exceeded 113 μg/m(3) and 31 °C. Similarly, the exceed-standard rate would reach 100% when O(3_mean) and T(_max) exceeded 127 μg/m(3) and 33 °C, respectively. MDPI 2013-03-13 2013-03 /pmc/articles/PMC3709303/ /pubmed/23485953 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph10031048 Text en © 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Li, Pei
Xin, Jinyuan
Bai, Xiaoping
Wang, Yuesi
Wang, Shigong
Liu, Shixi
Feng, Xiaoxin
Observational Studies and a Statistical Early Warning of Surface Ozone Pollution in Tangshan, the Largest Heavy Industry City of North China
title Observational Studies and a Statistical Early Warning of Surface Ozone Pollution in Tangshan, the Largest Heavy Industry City of North China
title_full Observational Studies and a Statistical Early Warning of Surface Ozone Pollution in Tangshan, the Largest Heavy Industry City of North China
title_fullStr Observational Studies and a Statistical Early Warning of Surface Ozone Pollution in Tangshan, the Largest Heavy Industry City of North China
title_full_unstemmed Observational Studies and a Statistical Early Warning of Surface Ozone Pollution in Tangshan, the Largest Heavy Industry City of North China
title_short Observational Studies and a Statistical Early Warning of Surface Ozone Pollution in Tangshan, the Largest Heavy Industry City of North China
title_sort observational studies and a statistical early warning of surface ozone pollution in tangshan, the largest heavy industry city of north china
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3709303/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23485953
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph10031048
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