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Analysis of fractal electrodes for efficient neural stimulation
Planar electrodes are increasingly used in therapeutic neural stimulation techniques such as functional electrical stimulation, epidural spinal cord stimulation (ESCS), and cortical stimulation. Recently, optimized electrode geometries have been shown to increase the efficiency of neural stimulation...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3709379/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23874290 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneng.2013.00003 |
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author | Golestanirad, Laleh Elahi, Behzad Molina, Alberto Mosig, Juan R. Pollo, Claudio Chen, Robert Graham, Simon J. |
author_facet | Golestanirad, Laleh Elahi, Behzad Molina, Alberto Mosig, Juan R. Pollo, Claudio Chen, Robert Graham, Simon J. |
author_sort | Golestanirad, Laleh |
collection | PubMed |
description | Planar electrodes are increasingly used in therapeutic neural stimulation techniques such as functional electrical stimulation, epidural spinal cord stimulation (ESCS), and cortical stimulation. Recently, optimized electrode geometries have been shown to increase the efficiency of neural stimulation by increasing the variation of current density on the electrode surface. In the present work, a new family of modified fractal electrode geometries is developed to enhance the efficiency of neural stimulation. It is shown that a promising approach in increasing the neural activation function is to increase the “edginess” of the electrode surface, a concept that is explained and quantified by fractal mathematics. Rigorous finite element simulations were performed to compute electric potential produced by proposed modified fractal geometries. The activation of 256 model axons positioned around the electrodes was then quantified, showing that modified fractal geometries required a 22% less input power while maintaining the same level of neural activation. Preliminary in vivo experiments investigating muscle evoked potentials due to median nerve stimulation showed encouraging results, supporting the feasibility of increasing neural stimulation efficiency using modified fractal geometries. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3709379 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-37093792013-07-19 Analysis of fractal electrodes for efficient neural stimulation Golestanirad, Laleh Elahi, Behzad Molina, Alberto Mosig, Juan R. Pollo, Claudio Chen, Robert Graham, Simon J. Front Neuroeng Neuroscience Planar electrodes are increasingly used in therapeutic neural stimulation techniques such as functional electrical stimulation, epidural spinal cord stimulation (ESCS), and cortical stimulation. Recently, optimized electrode geometries have been shown to increase the efficiency of neural stimulation by increasing the variation of current density on the electrode surface. In the present work, a new family of modified fractal electrode geometries is developed to enhance the efficiency of neural stimulation. It is shown that a promising approach in increasing the neural activation function is to increase the “edginess” of the electrode surface, a concept that is explained and quantified by fractal mathematics. Rigorous finite element simulations were performed to compute electric potential produced by proposed modified fractal geometries. The activation of 256 model axons positioned around the electrodes was then quantified, showing that modified fractal geometries required a 22% less input power while maintaining the same level of neural activation. Preliminary in vivo experiments investigating muscle evoked potentials due to median nerve stimulation showed encouraging results, supporting the feasibility of increasing neural stimulation efficiency using modified fractal geometries. Frontiers Media S.A. 2013-07-12 /pmc/articles/PMC3709379/ /pubmed/23874290 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneng.2013.00003 Text en Copyright © 2013 Golestanirad, Elahi, Molina, Mosig, Pollo, Chen and Graham. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited and subject to any copyright notices concerning any third-party graphics etc. |
spellingShingle | Neuroscience Golestanirad, Laleh Elahi, Behzad Molina, Alberto Mosig, Juan R. Pollo, Claudio Chen, Robert Graham, Simon J. Analysis of fractal electrodes for efficient neural stimulation |
title | Analysis of fractal electrodes for efficient neural stimulation |
title_full | Analysis of fractal electrodes for efficient neural stimulation |
title_fullStr | Analysis of fractal electrodes for efficient neural stimulation |
title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of fractal electrodes for efficient neural stimulation |
title_short | Analysis of fractal electrodes for efficient neural stimulation |
title_sort | analysis of fractal electrodes for efficient neural stimulation |
topic | Neuroscience |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3709379/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23874290 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneng.2013.00003 |
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