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Tracheo-bronchial angles in the human fetus – an anatomical, digital, and statistical study

BACKGROUND: Both the advancement of visual techniques and intensive progress in perinatal medicine result in performing airway management in the fetus and neonate affected by life-threatening malformations. This study aimed to examine the 3 tracheo-bronchial angles, including the right and left bron...

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Autores principales: Daroszewski, Marcin, Szpinda, Michał, Wiśniewski, Marcin, Flisiński, Piotr, Szpinda, Anna, WoŸniak, Alina, Kosiński, Adam, Grzybiak, Marek, Mila-Kierzenkowska, Celestyna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: International Scientific Literature, Inc. 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3724572/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23857411
http://dx.doi.org/10.12659/MSMBR.889085
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author Daroszewski, Marcin
Szpinda, Michał
Wiśniewski, Marcin
Flisiński, Piotr
Szpinda, Anna
WoŸniak, Alina
Kosiński, Adam
Grzybiak, Marek
Mila-Kierzenkowska, Celestyna
author_facet Daroszewski, Marcin
Szpinda, Michał
Wiśniewski, Marcin
Flisiński, Piotr
Szpinda, Anna
WoŸniak, Alina
Kosiński, Adam
Grzybiak, Marek
Mila-Kierzenkowska, Celestyna
author_sort Daroszewski, Marcin
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Both the advancement of visual techniques and intensive progress in perinatal medicine result in performing airway management in the fetus and neonate affected by life-threatening malformations. This study aimed to examine the 3 tracheo-bronchial angles, including the right and left bronchial angles, and the interbronchial angle, in the fetus at various gestational ages. MATERIAL/METHODS: Using methods of anatomical dissection, digital image analysis with an adequate program (NIS-Elements BR 3.0, Nikon), and statistics, values of the two bronchial angles and their sum as the interbronchial angle were semi-automatically measured in 73 human fetuses at the age of 14–25 weeks, derived from spontaneous abortions and stillbirths. RESULTS: No male-female differences between the parameters studied were found. The 3 fetal tracheo-bronchial angles were found to be independent of age. The right bronchial angle ranged from 11.4° to 41.8°, and averaged 26.9±7.0° for the whole analyzed sample. The values of left bronchial angle varied from 24.8° to 64.8°, with the overall mean of 46.2±8.0°. As a consequence, the interbronchial angle totalled 36.2–96.6°, and averaged 73.1±12.7°. CONCLUSIONS: The tracheo-bronchial angles change independently of sex and fetal age. The left bronchial angle is wider than the right one. Values of the 3 tracheo-bronchial angles are unpredictable since their regression curves of best fit with relation to fetal age cannot be modelled. Both of the 2 bronchial angles and the interbronchial angle are of great relevance in the location of inhaled foreign bodies, and in the diagnosis cardiac diseases and mediastinal abnormalities.
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spelling pubmed-37245722013-07-30 Tracheo-bronchial angles in the human fetus – an anatomical, digital, and statistical study Daroszewski, Marcin Szpinda, Michał Wiśniewski, Marcin Flisiński, Piotr Szpinda, Anna WoŸniak, Alina Kosiński, Adam Grzybiak, Marek Mila-Kierzenkowska, Celestyna Med Sci Monit Basic Res Laboratory Research BACKGROUND: Both the advancement of visual techniques and intensive progress in perinatal medicine result in performing airway management in the fetus and neonate affected by life-threatening malformations. This study aimed to examine the 3 tracheo-bronchial angles, including the right and left bronchial angles, and the interbronchial angle, in the fetus at various gestational ages. MATERIAL/METHODS: Using methods of anatomical dissection, digital image analysis with an adequate program (NIS-Elements BR 3.0, Nikon), and statistics, values of the two bronchial angles and their sum as the interbronchial angle were semi-automatically measured in 73 human fetuses at the age of 14–25 weeks, derived from spontaneous abortions and stillbirths. RESULTS: No male-female differences between the parameters studied were found. The 3 fetal tracheo-bronchial angles were found to be independent of age. The right bronchial angle ranged from 11.4° to 41.8°, and averaged 26.9±7.0° for the whole analyzed sample. The values of left bronchial angle varied from 24.8° to 64.8°, with the overall mean of 46.2±8.0°. As a consequence, the interbronchial angle totalled 36.2–96.6°, and averaged 73.1±12.7°. CONCLUSIONS: The tracheo-bronchial angles change independently of sex and fetal age. The left bronchial angle is wider than the right one. Values of the 3 tracheo-bronchial angles are unpredictable since their regression curves of best fit with relation to fetal age cannot be modelled. Both of the 2 bronchial angles and the interbronchial angle are of great relevance in the location of inhaled foreign bodies, and in the diagnosis cardiac diseases and mediastinal abnormalities. International Scientific Literature, Inc. 2013-07-16 /pmc/articles/PMC3724572/ /pubmed/23857411 http://dx.doi.org/10.12659/MSMBR.889085 Text en © Med Sci Monit, 2013 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License
spellingShingle Laboratory Research
Daroszewski, Marcin
Szpinda, Michał
Wiśniewski, Marcin
Flisiński, Piotr
Szpinda, Anna
WoŸniak, Alina
Kosiński, Adam
Grzybiak, Marek
Mila-Kierzenkowska, Celestyna
Tracheo-bronchial angles in the human fetus – an anatomical, digital, and statistical study
title Tracheo-bronchial angles in the human fetus – an anatomical, digital, and statistical study
title_full Tracheo-bronchial angles in the human fetus – an anatomical, digital, and statistical study
title_fullStr Tracheo-bronchial angles in the human fetus – an anatomical, digital, and statistical study
title_full_unstemmed Tracheo-bronchial angles in the human fetus – an anatomical, digital, and statistical study
title_short Tracheo-bronchial angles in the human fetus – an anatomical, digital, and statistical study
title_sort tracheo-bronchial angles in the human fetus – an anatomical, digital, and statistical study
topic Laboratory Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3724572/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23857411
http://dx.doi.org/10.12659/MSMBR.889085
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