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Addiction is a Reward Deficit and Stress Surfeit Disorder
Drug addiction can be defined by a three-stage cycle – binge/intoxication, withdrawal/negative affect, and preoccupation/anticipation – that involves allostatic changes in the brain reward and stress systems. Two primary sources of reinforcement, positive and negative reinforcement, have been hypoth...
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| Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
| Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2013
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| Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3730086/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23914176 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00072 |