Proposal of a Nonlinear Interaction of Person and Situation (NIPS) model

Marshall and Brown (2006) proposed a Traits as Situational Sensitivities (TASS) Model, which implies a systematic person × situation interaction. We review this model and show that it suffers from several limitations. We extend and modify the model in order to obtain a symmetric pattern of levels an...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Schmitt, Manfred, Gollwitzer, Mario, Baumert, Anna, Blum, Gabriela, Gschwendner, Tobias, Hofmann, Wilhelm, Rothmund, Tobias
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2013
Materias:
Psychology
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3731536/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23935588
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00499
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author Schmitt, Manfred
Gollwitzer, Mario
Baumert, Anna
Blum, Gabriela
Gschwendner, Tobias
Hofmann, Wilhelm
Rothmund, Tobias
author_facet Schmitt, Manfred
Gollwitzer, Mario
Baumert, Anna
Blum, Gabriela
Gschwendner, Tobias
Hofmann, Wilhelm
Rothmund, Tobias
author_sort Schmitt, Manfred
collection PubMed
description Marshall and Brown (2006) proposed a Traits as Situational Sensitivities (TASS) Model, which implies a systematic person × situation interaction. We review this model and show that it suffers from several limitations. We extend and modify the model in order to obtain a symmetric pattern of levels and effects for both person and situation factors. Our suggestions result in a general Nonlinear Interaction of Person and Situation (NIPS) Model. The NIPS model bears striking similarities to the Rasch model. Based on the symmetric nature of the NIPS model, we generalize the concept of weak and strong situations to individuals and propose the concepts of weak and strong persons. Finally, we discuss psychological mechanisms that might explain the NIPS pattern and offer ideas for future research.
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spelling pubmed-37315362013-08-09 Proposal of a Nonlinear Interaction of Person and Situation (NIPS) model Schmitt, Manfred Gollwitzer, Mario Baumert, Anna Blum, Gabriela Gschwendner, Tobias Hofmann, Wilhelm Rothmund, Tobias Front Psychol Psychology Marshall and Brown (2006) proposed a Traits as Situational Sensitivities (TASS) Model, which implies a systematic person × situation interaction. We review this model and show that it suffers from several limitations. We extend and modify the model in order to obtain a symmetric pattern of levels and effects for both person and situation factors. Our suggestions result in a general Nonlinear Interaction of Person and Situation (NIPS) Model. The NIPS model bears striking similarities to the Rasch model. Based on the symmetric nature of the NIPS model, we generalize the concept of weak and strong situations to individuals and propose the concepts of weak and strong persons. Finally, we discuss psychological mechanisms that might explain the NIPS pattern and offer ideas for future research. Frontiers Media S.A. 2013-08-02 /pmc/articles/PMC3731536/ /pubmed/23935588 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00499 Text en Copyright © 2013 Schmitt, Gollwitzer, Baumert, Blum, Gschwendner, Hofmann and Rothmund. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Psychology
Schmitt, Manfred
Gollwitzer, Mario
Baumert, Anna
Blum, Gabriela
Gschwendner, Tobias
Hofmann, Wilhelm
Rothmund, Tobias
Proposal of a Nonlinear Interaction of Person and Situation (NIPS) model
title Proposal of a Nonlinear Interaction of Person and Situation (NIPS) model
title_full Proposal of a Nonlinear Interaction of Person and Situation (NIPS) model
title_fullStr Proposal of a Nonlinear Interaction of Person and Situation (NIPS) model
title_full_unstemmed Proposal of a Nonlinear Interaction of Person and Situation (NIPS) model
title_short Proposal of a Nonlinear Interaction of Person and Situation (NIPS) model
title_sort proposal of a nonlinear interaction of person and situation (nips) model
topic Psychology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3731536/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23935588
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00499
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