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Obesity and Asthma: Physiological Perspective
Obesity induces some pertinent physiological changes which are conducive to either development of asthma or cause of poorly controlled asthma state. Obesity related mechanical stress forces induced by abdominal and thoracic fat generate stiffening of the lungs and diaphragmatic movements to result i...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3732624/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23970905 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/198068 |
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author | Brashier, Bill Salvi, Sundeep |
author_facet | Brashier, Bill Salvi, Sundeep |
author_sort | Brashier, Bill |
collection | PubMed |
description | Obesity induces some pertinent physiological changes which are conducive to either development of asthma or cause of poorly controlled asthma state. Obesity related mechanical stress forces induced by abdominal and thoracic fat generate stiffening of the lungs and diaphragmatic movements to result in reduction of resting lung volumes such as functional residual capacity (FRC). Reduced FRC is primarily an outcome of decreased expiratory reserve volume, which pushes the tidal breathing more towards smaller high resistance airways, and consequentially results in expiratory flow limitation during normal breathing in obesity. Reduced FRC also induces plastic alteration in the small collapsible airways, which may generate smooth muscle contraction resulting in increased small airway resistance, which, however, is not picked up by spirometric lung volumes. There is also a possibility that chronically reduced FRC may generate permanent adaptation in the very small airways; therefore, the airway calibres may not change despite weight reduction. Obesity may also induce bronchodilator reversibility and diurnal lung functional variability. Obesity is also associated with airway hyperresponsiveness; however, the mechanism of this is not clear. Thus, obesity has effects on lung function that can generate respiratory distress similar to asthma and may also exaggerate the effects of preexisting asthma. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3732624 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Hindawi Publishing Corporation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-37326242013-08-22 Obesity and Asthma: Physiological Perspective Brashier, Bill Salvi, Sundeep J Allergy (Cairo) Review Article Obesity induces some pertinent physiological changes which are conducive to either development of asthma or cause of poorly controlled asthma state. Obesity related mechanical stress forces induced by abdominal and thoracic fat generate stiffening of the lungs and diaphragmatic movements to result in reduction of resting lung volumes such as functional residual capacity (FRC). Reduced FRC is primarily an outcome of decreased expiratory reserve volume, which pushes the tidal breathing more towards smaller high resistance airways, and consequentially results in expiratory flow limitation during normal breathing in obesity. Reduced FRC also induces plastic alteration in the small collapsible airways, which may generate smooth muscle contraction resulting in increased small airway resistance, which, however, is not picked up by spirometric lung volumes. There is also a possibility that chronically reduced FRC may generate permanent adaptation in the very small airways; therefore, the airway calibres may not change despite weight reduction. Obesity may also induce bronchodilator reversibility and diurnal lung functional variability. Obesity is also associated with airway hyperresponsiveness; however, the mechanism of this is not clear. Thus, obesity has effects on lung function that can generate respiratory distress similar to asthma and may also exaggerate the effects of preexisting asthma. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013 2013-07-18 /pmc/articles/PMC3732624/ /pubmed/23970905 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/198068 Text en Copyright © 2013 B. Brashier and S. Salvi. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Brashier, Bill Salvi, Sundeep Obesity and Asthma: Physiological Perspective |
title | Obesity and Asthma: Physiological Perspective |
title_full | Obesity and Asthma: Physiological Perspective |
title_fullStr | Obesity and Asthma: Physiological Perspective |
title_full_unstemmed | Obesity and Asthma: Physiological Perspective |
title_short | Obesity and Asthma: Physiological Perspective |
title_sort | obesity and asthma: physiological perspective |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3732624/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23970905 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/198068 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT brashierbill obesityandasthmaphysiologicalperspective AT salvisundeep obesityandasthmaphysiologicalperspective |