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Integrating Evolution into Ecological Modelling: Accommodating Phenotypic Changes in Agent Based Models
Evolutionary change is a characteristic of living organisms and forms one of the ways in which species adapt to changed conditions. However, most ecological models do not incorporate this ubiquitous phenomenon. We have developed a model that takes a ‘phenotypic gambit’ approach and focuses on change...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3733718/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23940700 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071125 |
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author | Moustakas, Aristides Evans, Matthew R. |
author_facet | Moustakas, Aristides Evans, Matthew R. |
author_sort | Moustakas, Aristides |
collection | PubMed |
description | Evolutionary change is a characteristic of living organisms and forms one of the ways in which species adapt to changed conditions. However, most ecological models do not incorporate this ubiquitous phenomenon. We have developed a model that takes a ‘phenotypic gambit’ approach and focuses on changes in the frequency of phenotypes (which differ in timing of breeding and fecundity) within a population, using, as an example, seasonal breeding. Fitness per phenotype calculated as the individual’s contribution to population growth on an annual basis coincide with the population dynamics per phenotype. Simplified model variants were explored to examine whether the complexity included in the model is justified. Outputs from the spatially implicit model underestimated the number of individuals across all phenotypes. When no phenotype transitions are included (i.e. offspring always inherit their parent’s phenotype) numbers of all individuals are always underestimated. We conclude that by using a phenotypic gambit approach evolutionary dynamics can be incorporated into individual based models, and that all that is required is an understanding of the probability of offspring inheriting the parental phenotype. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3733718 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-37337182013-08-12 Integrating Evolution into Ecological Modelling: Accommodating Phenotypic Changes in Agent Based Models Moustakas, Aristides Evans, Matthew R. PLoS One Research Article Evolutionary change is a characteristic of living organisms and forms one of the ways in which species adapt to changed conditions. However, most ecological models do not incorporate this ubiquitous phenomenon. We have developed a model that takes a ‘phenotypic gambit’ approach and focuses on changes in the frequency of phenotypes (which differ in timing of breeding and fecundity) within a population, using, as an example, seasonal breeding. Fitness per phenotype calculated as the individual’s contribution to population growth on an annual basis coincide with the population dynamics per phenotype. Simplified model variants were explored to examine whether the complexity included in the model is justified. Outputs from the spatially implicit model underestimated the number of individuals across all phenotypes. When no phenotype transitions are included (i.e. offspring always inherit their parent’s phenotype) numbers of all individuals are always underestimated. We conclude that by using a phenotypic gambit approach evolutionary dynamics can be incorporated into individual based models, and that all that is required is an understanding of the probability of offspring inheriting the parental phenotype. Public Library of Science 2013-08-05 /pmc/articles/PMC3733718/ /pubmed/23940700 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071125 Text en © 2013 Moustakas and Evans et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Moustakas, Aristides Evans, Matthew R. Integrating Evolution into Ecological Modelling: Accommodating Phenotypic Changes in Agent Based Models |
title | Integrating Evolution into Ecological Modelling: Accommodating Phenotypic Changes in Agent Based Models |
title_full | Integrating Evolution into Ecological Modelling: Accommodating Phenotypic Changes in Agent Based Models |
title_fullStr | Integrating Evolution into Ecological Modelling: Accommodating Phenotypic Changes in Agent Based Models |
title_full_unstemmed | Integrating Evolution into Ecological Modelling: Accommodating Phenotypic Changes in Agent Based Models |
title_short | Integrating Evolution into Ecological Modelling: Accommodating Phenotypic Changes in Agent Based Models |
title_sort | integrating evolution into ecological modelling: accommodating phenotypic changes in agent based models |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3733718/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23940700 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071125 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT moustakasaristides integratingevolutionintoecologicalmodellingaccommodatingphenotypicchangesinagentbasedmodels AT evansmatthewr integratingevolutionintoecologicalmodellingaccommodatingphenotypicchangesinagentbasedmodels |