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Inflammatory Response to Fine Particulate Air Pollution Exposure: Neutrophil versus Monocyte
OBJECTIVES: Studies have shown that chronic exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (less than 2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter, PM(2.5)) pollution induces insulin resistance through alterations in inflammatory pathways. It is critical to study how the immune system responds to this stimulant, whi...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3738512/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23951156 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071414 |
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author | Xu, Xiaohua Jiang, Silis Y. Wang, Tse-Yao Bai, Yuntao Zhong, Mianhua Wang, Aixia Lippmann, Morton Chen, Lung-Chi Rajagopalan, Sanjay Sun, Qinghua |
author_facet | Xu, Xiaohua Jiang, Silis Y. Wang, Tse-Yao Bai, Yuntao Zhong, Mianhua Wang, Aixia Lippmann, Morton Chen, Lung-Chi Rajagopalan, Sanjay Sun, Qinghua |
author_sort | Xu, Xiaohua |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: Studies have shown that chronic exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (less than 2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter, PM(2.5)) pollution induces insulin resistance through alterations in inflammatory pathways. It is critical to study how the immune system responds to this stimulant, which has been linked to cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases, but few studies have been focused on such involvement of both neutrophils and monocytes in a timely manner. We hypothesized that the neutrophil was involved in the inflammatory response to air pollution. METHODS AND RESULTS: C57BL/6 mice were exposed to PM(2.5) or filtered air (6 hours/day, 5 days/week) for 5, 14, and 21 days, respectively, in Columbus, OH. At the end of each of the exposure periods, we investigated the inflammatory response through flow cytometry, histology, intravital microscopy, and real-time PCR. PM(2.5)-exposed mice demonstrated a significant inflammatory response after 5 days of exposure. In the lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, monocytes/macrophages showed a transient response, while neutrophils showed a cumulative response. In addition, exposure to PM(2.5) resulted in elevation of the monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) cytokine, a monocyte/macrophage attractant in blood, at an early stage of exposure. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that PM(2.5) exposure induces the inflammatory responses from both macrophages and neutrophils involvement. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3738512 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-37385122013-08-15 Inflammatory Response to Fine Particulate Air Pollution Exposure: Neutrophil versus Monocyte Xu, Xiaohua Jiang, Silis Y. Wang, Tse-Yao Bai, Yuntao Zhong, Mianhua Wang, Aixia Lippmann, Morton Chen, Lung-Chi Rajagopalan, Sanjay Sun, Qinghua PLoS One Research Article OBJECTIVES: Studies have shown that chronic exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (less than 2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter, PM(2.5)) pollution induces insulin resistance through alterations in inflammatory pathways. It is critical to study how the immune system responds to this stimulant, which has been linked to cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases, but few studies have been focused on such involvement of both neutrophils and monocytes in a timely manner. We hypothesized that the neutrophil was involved in the inflammatory response to air pollution. METHODS AND RESULTS: C57BL/6 mice were exposed to PM(2.5) or filtered air (6 hours/day, 5 days/week) for 5, 14, and 21 days, respectively, in Columbus, OH. At the end of each of the exposure periods, we investigated the inflammatory response through flow cytometry, histology, intravital microscopy, and real-time PCR. PM(2.5)-exposed mice demonstrated a significant inflammatory response after 5 days of exposure. In the lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, monocytes/macrophages showed a transient response, while neutrophils showed a cumulative response. In addition, exposure to PM(2.5) resulted in elevation of the monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) cytokine, a monocyte/macrophage attractant in blood, at an early stage of exposure. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that PM(2.5) exposure induces the inflammatory responses from both macrophages and neutrophils involvement. Public Library of Science 2013-08-08 /pmc/articles/PMC3738512/ /pubmed/23951156 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071414 Text en © 2013 Xu et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Xu, Xiaohua Jiang, Silis Y. Wang, Tse-Yao Bai, Yuntao Zhong, Mianhua Wang, Aixia Lippmann, Morton Chen, Lung-Chi Rajagopalan, Sanjay Sun, Qinghua Inflammatory Response to Fine Particulate Air Pollution Exposure: Neutrophil versus Monocyte |
title | Inflammatory Response to Fine Particulate Air Pollution Exposure: Neutrophil versus Monocyte |
title_full | Inflammatory Response to Fine Particulate Air Pollution Exposure: Neutrophil versus Monocyte |
title_fullStr | Inflammatory Response to Fine Particulate Air Pollution Exposure: Neutrophil versus Monocyte |
title_full_unstemmed | Inflammatory Response to Fine Particulate Air Pollution Exposure: Neutrophil versus Monocyte |
title_short | Inflammatory Response to Fine Particulate Air Pollution Exposure: Neutrophil versus Monocyte |
title_sort | inflammatory response to fine particulate air pollution exposure: neutrophil versus monocyte |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3738512/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23951156 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0071414 |
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