Estimation of Duration of Symptoms in Fulminant Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Using HbA(1c) or Glycated Albumin

Fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus (FT1DM) develops as a result of very rapid and almost complete destruction of pancreatic β cells. Because of an abrupt increase in plasma glucose, HbA(1c) and glycated albumin (GA) might increase along with duration of symptoms in FT1DM patients. We attempted to devise a formula to estimate duration of symptoms based on the increased levels in HbA(1c) or GA. Four patients who developed FT1DM during the course of type 2 diabetes mellitus and in whom HbA(1c) was measured before onset were investigated in this study. The percents of the estimated duration of symptoms calculated from HbA(1c) (four patients) and GA (two patients) to the actual duration were 137 ± 88% and 122%, respectively. In FT1DM patients in whom HbA(1c) and/or GA before onset and at the time of ketoacidosis are measured, duration of symptoms might be estimated with using the increased levels in HbA(1c) or GA.