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Spatiotemporal dynamics of condensins I and II: evolutionary insights from the primitive red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae

Condensins are multisubunit complexes that play central roles in chromosome organization and segregation in eukaryotes. Many eukaryotic species have two different condensin complexes (condensins I and II), although some species, such as fungi, have condensin I only. Here we use the red alga Cyanidio...

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Autores principales: Fujiwara, Takayuki, Tanaka, Kan, Kuroiwa, Tsuneyoshi, Hirano, Tatsuya
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The American Society for Cell Biology 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3744952/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23783031
http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E13-04-0208
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author Fujiwara, Takayuki
Tanaka, Kan
Kuroiwa, Tsuneyoshi
Hirano, Tatsuya
author_facet Fujiwara, Takayuki
Tanaka, Kan
Kuroiwa, Tsuneyoshi
Hirano, Tatsuya
author_sort Fujiwara, Takayuki
collection PubMed
description Condensins are multisubunit complexes that play central roles in chromosome organization and segregation in eukaryotes. Many eukaryotic species have two different condensin complexes (condensins I and II), although some species, such as fungi, have condensin I only. Here we use the red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae as a model organism because it represents the smallest and simplest organism that is predicted to possess both condensins I and II. We demonstrate that, despite the great evolutionary distance, spatiotemporal dynamics of condensins in C. merolae is strikingly similar to that observed in mammalian cells: condensin II is nuclear throughout the cell cycle, whereas condensin I appears on chromosomes only after the nuclear envelope partially dissolves at prometaphase. Unlike in mammalian cells, however, condensin II is confined to centromeres in metaphase, whereas condensin I distributes more broadly along arms. We firmly establish a targeted gene disruption technique in this organism and find, to our surprise, that condensin II is not essential for mitosis under laboratory growth conditions, although it plays a crucial role in facilitating sister centromere resolution in the presence of a microtubule drug. The results provide fundamental insights into the evolution of condensin-based chromosome architecture and dynamics.
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spelling pubmed-37449522013-10-30 Spatiotemporal dynamics of condensins I and II: evolutionary insights from the primitive red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae Fujiwara, Takayuki Tanaka, Kan Kuroiwa, Tsuneyoshi Hirano, Tatsuya Mol Biol Cell Articles Condensins are multisubunit complexes that play central roles in chromosome organization and segregation in eukaryotes. Many eukaryotic species have two different condensin complexes (condensins I and II), although some species, such as fungi, have condensin I only. Here we use the red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae as a model organism because it represents the smallest and simplest organism that is predicted to possess both condensins I and II. We demonstrate that, despite the great evolutionary distance, spatiotemporal dynamics of condensins in C. merolae is strikingly similar to that observed in mammalian cells: condensin II is nuclear throughout the cell cycle, whereas condensin I appears on chromosomes only after the nuclear envelope partially dissolves at prometaphase. Unlike in mammalian cells, however, condensin II is confined to centromeres in metaphase, whereas condensin I distributes more broadly along arms. We firmly establish a targeted gene disruption technique in this organism and find, to our surprise, that condensin II is not essential for mitosis under laboratory growth conditions, although it plays a crucial role in facilitating sister centromere resolution in the presence of a microtubule drug. The results provide fundamental insights into the evolution of condensin-based chromosome architecture and dynamics. The American Society for Cell Biology 2013-08-15 /pmc/articles/PMC3744952/ /pubmed/23783031 http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E13-04-0208 Text en © 2013 Fujiwara et al. This article is distributed by The American Society for Cell Biology under license from the author(s). Two months after publication it is available to the public under an Attribution–Noncommercial–Share Alike 3.0 Unported Creative Commons License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0). “ASCB®,” “The American Society for Cell Biology®,” and “Molecular Biology of the Cell®” are registered trademarks of The American Society of Cell Biology.
spellingShingle Articles
Fujiwara, Takayuki
Tanaka, Kan
Kuroiwa, Tsuneyoshi
Hirano, Tatsuya
Spatiotemporal dynamics of condensins I and II: evolutionary insights from the primitive red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae
title Spatiotemporal dynamics of condensins I and II: evolutionary insights from the primitive red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae
title_full Spatiotemporal dynamics of condensins I and II: evolutionary insights from the primitive red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae
title_fullStr Spatiotemporal dynamics of condensins I and II: evolutionary insights from the primitive red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae
title_full_unstemmed Spatiotemporal dynamics of condensins I and II: evolutionary insights from the primitive red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae
title_short Spatiotemporal dynamics of condensins I and II: evolutionary insights from the primitive red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae
title_sort spatiotemporal dynamics of condensins i and ii: evolutionary insights from the primitive red alga cyanidioschyzon merolae
topic Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3744952/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23783031
http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.E13-04-0208
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