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Functions of Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins in Stem Cell Potency and Differentiation

Stem cells possess huge importance in developmental biology, disease modelling, cell replacement therapy, and tissue engineering in regenerative medicine because they have the remarkable potential for self-renewal and to differentiate into almost all the cell types in the human body. Elucidation of...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Chen, Qishan, Jin, Min, Zhu, Jianhua, Xiao, Qingzhong, Zhang, Li
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3745930/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23984388
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/623978
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author Chen, Qishan
Jin, Min
Zhu, Jianhua
Xiao, Qingzhong
Zhang, Li
author_facet Chen, Qishan
Jin, Min
Zhu, Jianhua
Xiao, Qingzhong
Zhang, Li
author_sort Chen, Qishan
collection PubMed
description Stem cells possess huge importance in developmental biology, disease modelling, cell replacement therapy, and tissue engineering in regenerative medicine because they have the remarkable potential for self-renewal and to differentiate into almost all the cell types in the human body. Elucidation of molecular mechanisms regulating stem cell potency and differentiation is essential and critical for extensive application. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) are modular proteins consisting of RNA-binding motifs and auxiliary domains characterized by extensive and divergent functions in nucleic acid metabolism. Multiple roles of hnRNPs in transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation enable them to be effective gene expression regulators. More recent findings show that hnRNP proteins are crucial factors implicated in maintenance of stem cell self-renewal and pluripotency and cell differentiation. The hnRNPs interact with certain sequences in target gene promoter regions to initiate transcription. In addition, they recognize 3′UTR or 5′UTR of specific gene mRNA forming mRNP complex to regulate mRNA stability and translation. Both of these regulatory pathways lead to modulation of gene expression that is associated with stem cell proliferation, cell cycle control, pluripotency, and committed differentiation.
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spelling pubmed-37459302013-08-27 Functions of Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins in Stem Cell Potency and Differentiation Chen, Qishan Jin, Min Zhu, Jianhua Xiao, Qingzhong Zhang, Li Biomed Res Int Review Article Stem cells possess huge importance in developmental biology, disease modelling, cell replacement therapy, and tissue engineering in regenerative medicine because they have the remarkable potential for self-renewal and to differentiate into almost all the cell types in the human body. Elucidation of molecular mechanisms regulating stem cell potency and differentiation is essential and critical for extensive application. Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) are modular proteins consisting of RNA-binding motifs and auxiliary domains characterized by extensive and divergent functions in nucleic acid metabolism. Multiple roles of hnRNPs in transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation enable them to be effective gene expression regulators. More recent findings show that hnRNP proteins are crucial factors implicated in maintenance of stem cell self-renewal and pluripotency and cell differentiation. The hnRNPs interact with certain sequences in target gene promoter regions to initiate transcription. In addition, they recognize 3′UTR or 5′UTR of specific gene mRNA forming mRNP complex to regulate mRNA stability and translation. Both of these regulatory pathways lead to modulation of gene expression that is associated with stem cell proliferation, cell cycle control, pluripotency, and committed differentiation. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013 2013-07-29 /pmc/articles/PMC3745930/ /pubmed/23984388 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/623978 Text en Copyright © 2013 Qishan Chen et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Chen, Qishan
Jin, Min
Zhu, Jianhua
Xiao, Qingzhong
Zhang, Li
Functions of Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins in Stem Cell Potency and Differentiation
title Functions of Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins in Stem Cell Potency and Differentiation
title_full Functions of Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins in Stem Cell Potency and Differentiation
title_fullStr Functions of Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins in Stem Cell Potency and Differentiation
title_full_unstemmed Functions of Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins in Stem Cell Potency and Differentiation
title_short Functions of Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoproteins in Stem Cell Potency and Differentiation
title_sort functions of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins in stem cell potency and differentiation
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3745930/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23984388
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/623978
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