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Are Onconeural Antibodies a Clinical Phenomenology in Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis?

Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNSs) occur in patients with cancer and can cause clinical symptoms and signs of dysfunction of the nervous system that are not due to a local effect of the tumor or its metastases. Most of these clinical syndromes in adults are associated with lung cancer, esp...

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Autores principales: Zhang, Hongliang, Zhou, Chunkui, Wu, Limin, Ni, Fengming, Zhu, Jie, Jin, Tao
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3745958/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23983403
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/172986
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author Zhang, Hongliang
Zhou, Chunkui
Wu, Limin
Ni, Fengming
Zhu, Jie
Jin, Tao
author_facet Zhang, Hongliang
Zhou, Chunkui
Wu, Limin
Ni, Fengming
Zhu, Jie
Jin, Tao
author_sort Zhang, Hongliang
collection PubMed
description Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNSs) occur in patients with cancer and can cause clinical symptoms and signs of dysfunction of the nervous system that are not due to a local effect of the tumor or its metastases. Most of these clinical syndromes in adults are associated with lung cancer, especially small cell lung cancer (SCLC), lymphoma, and gynecological tumors. The finding of highly specific antibodies directed against onconeural antigens has revolutionized the diagnosis and promoted the understanding of these syndromes and led to the current hypothesis of an autoimmune pathophysiology. Accumulating data strongly suggested direct pathogenicity of these antibodies. The field of PNS has expanded rapidly in the past few years with the discovery of limbic encephalitis associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65, the voltage (VGKC-gated potassium channel) complex, the methyl (N-NMDA-D-aspartate), alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA), and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) (B) receptors, and so forth. Despite this, the clinical spectrum of these diseases has not yet been fully investigated. The clinical importance of these conditions lies in their frequent response to immunotherapies and, less commonly, their association with distinctive tumors. This review provides an overview on the pathogenesis and diagnosis of PNS, with emphasis on the role of antibodies in limbic encephalitis.
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spelling pubmed-37459582013-08-27 Are Onconeural Antibodies a Clinical Phenomenology in Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis? Zhang, Hongliang Zhou, Chunkui Wu, Limin Ni, Fengming Zhu, Jie Jin, Tao Mediators Inflamm Review Article Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNSs) occur in patients with cancer and can cause clinical symptoms and signs of dysfunction of the nervous system that are not due to a local effect of the tumor or its metastases. Most of these clinical syndromes in adults are associated with lung cancer, especially small cell lung cancer (SCLC), lymphoma, and gynecological tumors. The finding of highly specific antibodies directed against onconeural antigens has revolutionized the diagnosis and promoted the understanding of these syndromes and led to the current hypothesis of an autoimmune pathophysiology. Accumulating data strongly suggested direct pathogenicity of these antibodies. The field of PNS has expanded rapidly in the past few years with the discovery of limbic encephalitis associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65, the voltage (VGKC-gated potassium channel) complex, the methyl (N-NMDA-D-aspartate), alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA), and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) (B) receptors, and so forth. Despite this, the clinical spectrum of these diseases has not yet been fully investigated. The clinical importance of these conditions lies in their frequent response to immunotherapies and, less commonly, their association with distinctive tumors. This review provides an overview on the pathogenesis and diagnosis of PNS, with emphasis on the role of antibodies in limbic encephalitis. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013 2013-07-25 /pmc/articles/PMC3745958/ /pubmed/23983403 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/172986 Text en Copyright © 2013 Hongliang Zhang et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Article
Zhang, Hongliang
Zhou, Chunkui
Wu, Limin
Ni, Fengming
Zhu, Jie
Jin, Tao
Are Onconeural Antibodies a Clinical Phenomenology in Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis?
title Are Onconeural Antibodies a Clinical Phenomenology in Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis?
title_full Are Onconeural Antibodies a Clinical Phenomenology in Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis?
title_fullStr Are Onconeural Antibodies a Clinical Phenomenology in Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis?
title_full_unstemmed Are Onconeural Antibodies a Clinical Phenomenology in Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis?
title_short Are Onconeural Antibodies a Clinical Phenomenology in Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis?
title_sort are onconeural antibodies a clinical phenomenology in paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis?
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3745958/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23983403
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/172986
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