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Are Onconeural Antibodies a Clinical Phenomenology in Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis?
Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNSs) occur in patients with cancer and can cause clinical symptoms and signs of dysfunction of the nervous system that are not due to a local effect of the tumor or its metastases. Most of these clinical syndromes in adults are associated with lung cancer, esp...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3745958/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23983403 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/172986 |
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author | Zhang, Hongliang Zhou, Chunkui Wu, Limin Ni, Fengming Zhu, Jie Jin, Tao |
author_facet | Zhang, Hongliang Zhou, Chunkui Wu, Limin Ni, Fengming Zhu, Jie Jin, Tao |
author_sort | Zhang, Hongliang |
collection | PubMed |
description | Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNSs) occur in patients with cancer and can cause clinical symptoms and signs of dysfunction of the nervous system that are not due to a local effect of the tumor or its metastases. Most of these clinical syndromes in adults are associated with lung cancer, especially small cell lung cancer (SCLC), lymphoma, and gynecological tumors. The finding of highly specific antibodies directed against onconeural antigens has revolutionized the diagnosis and promoted the understanding of these syndromes and led to the current hypothesis of an autoimmune pathophysiology. Accumulating data strongly suggested direct pathogenicity of these antibodies. The field of PNS has expanded rapidly in the past few years with the discovery of limbic encephalitis associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65, the voltage (VGKC-gated potassium channel) complex, the methyl (N-NMDA-D-aspartate), alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA), and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) (B) receptors, and so forth. Despite this, the clinical spectrum of these diseases has not yet been fully investigated. The clinical importance of these conditions lies in their frequent response to immunotherapies and, less commonly, their association with distinctive tumors. This review provides an overview on the pathogenesis and diagnosis of PNS, with emphasis on the role of antibodies in limbic encephalitis. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3745958 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Hindawi Publishing Corporation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-37459582013-08-27 Are Onconeural Antibodies a Clinical Phenomenology in Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis? Zhang, Hongliang Zhou, Chunkui Wu, Limin Ni, Fengming Zhu, Jie Jin, Tao Mediators Inflamm Review Article Paraneoplastic neurological syndromes (PNSs) occur in patients with cancer and can cause clinical symptoms and signs of dysfunction of the nervous system that are not due to a local effect of the tumor or its metastases. Most of these clinical syndromes in adults are associated with lung cancer, especially small cell lung cancer (SCLC), lymphoma, and gynecological tumors. The finding of highly specific antibodies directed against onconeural antigens has revolutionized the diagnosis and promoted the understanding of these syndromes and led to the current hypothesis of an autoimmune pathophysiology. Accumulating data strongly suggested direct pathogenicity of these antibodies. The field of PNS has expanded rapidly in the past few years with the discovery of limbic encephalitis associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) 65, the voltage (VGKC-gated potassium channel) complex, the methyl (N-NMDA-D-aspartate), alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA), and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) (B) receptors, and so forth. Despite this, the clinical spectrum of these diseases has not yet been fully investigated. The clinical importance of these conditions lies in their frequent response to immunotherapies and, less commonly, their association with distinctive tumors. This review provides an overview on the pathogenesis and diagnosis of PNS, with emphasis on the role of antibodies in limbic encephalitis. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013 2013-07-25 /pmc/articles/PMC3745958/ /pubmed/23983403 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/172986 Text en Copyright © 2013 Hongliang Zhang et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Zhang, Hongliang Zhou, Chunkui Wu, Limin Ni, Fengming Zhu, Jie Jin, Tao Are Onconeural Antibodies a Clinical Phenomenology in Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis? |
title | Are Onconeural Antibodies a Clinical Phenomenology in Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis? |
title_full | Are Onconeural Antibodies a Clinical Phenomenology in Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis? |
title_fullStr | Are Onconeural Antibodies a Clinical Phenomenology in Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis? |
title_full_unstemmed | Are Onconeural Antibodies a Clinical Phenomenology in Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis? |
title_short | Are Onconeural Antibodies a Clinical Phenomenology in Paraneoplastic Limbic Encephalitis? |
title_sort | are onconeural antibodies a clinical phenomenology in paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis? |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3745958/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23983403 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/172986 |
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