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Metagenomics uncovers a new group of low GC and ultra-small marine Actinobacteria

We describe a deep-branching lineage of marine Actinobacteria with very low GC content (33%) and the smallest free living cells described yet (cell volume ca. 0.013 μm(3)), even smaller than the cosmopolitan marine photoheterotroph, ‘Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique'. These microbes are highly re...

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Autores principales: Ghai, Rohit, Mizuno, Carolina Megumi, Picazo, Antonio, Camacho, Antonio, Rodriguez-Valera, Francisco
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3747508/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23959135
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep02471
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author Ghai, Rohit
Mizuno, Carolina Megumi
Picazo, Antonio
Camacho, Antonio
Rodriguez-Valera, Francisco
author_facet Ghai, Rohit
Mizuno, Carolina Megumi
Picazo, Antonio
Camacho, Antonio
Rodriguez-Valera, Francisco
author_sort Ghai, Rohit
collection PubMed
description We describe a deep-branching lineage of marine Actinobacteria with very low GC content (33%) and the smallest free living cells described yet (cell volume ca. 0.013 μm(3)), even smaller than the cosmopolitan marine photoheterotroph, ‘Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique'. These microbes are highly related to 16S rRNA sequences retrieved by PCR from the Pacific and Atlantic oceans 20 years ago. Metagenomic fosmids allowed a virtual genome reconstruction that also indicated very small genomes below 1 Mb. A new kind of rhodopsin was detected indicating a photoheterotrophic lifestyle. They are estimated to be ~4% of the total numbers of cells found at the site studied (the Mediterranean deep chlorophyll maximum) and similar numbers were estimated in all tropical and temperate photic zone metagenomes available. Their geographic distribution mirrors that of picocyanobacteria and there appears to be an association between these microbial groups. A new sub-class, ‘Candidatus Actinomarinidae' is proposed to designate these microbes.
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spelling pubmed-37475082013-08-21 Metagenomics uncovers a new group of low GC and ultra-small marine Actinobacteria Ghai, Rohit Mizuno, Carolina Megumi Picazo, Antonio Camacho, Antonio Rodriguez-Valera, Francisco Sci Rep Article We describe a deep-branching lineage of marine Actinobacteria with very low GC content (33%) and the smallest free living cells described yet (cell volume ca. 0.013 μm(3)), even smaller than the cosmopolitan marine photoheterotroph, ‘Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique'. These microbes are highly related to 16S rRNA sequences retrieved by PCR from the Pacific and Atlantic oceans 20 years ago. Metagenomic fosmids allowed a virtual genome reconstruction that also indicated very small genomes below 1 Mb. A new kind of rhodopsin was detected indicating a photoheterotrophic lifestyle. They are estimated to be ~4% of the total numbers of cells found at the site studied (the Mediterranean deep chlorophyll maximum) and similar numbers were estimated in all tropical and temperate photic zone metagenomes available. Their geographic distribution mirrors that of picocyanobacteria and there appears to be an association between these microbial groups. A new sub-class, ‘Candidatus Actinomarinidae' is proposed to designate these microbes. Nature Publishing Group 2013-08-20 /pmc/articles/PMC3747508/ /pubmed/23959135 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep02471 Text en Copyright © 2013, Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareALike 3.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
spellingShingle Article
Ghai, Rohit
Mizuno, Carolina Megumi
Picazo, Antonio
Camacho, Antonio
Rodriguez-Valera, Francisco
Metagenomics uncovers a new group of low GC and ultra-small marine Actinobacteria
title Metagenomics uncovers a new group of low GC and ultra-small marine Actinobacteria
title_full Metagenomics uncovers a new group of low GC and ultra-small marine Actinobacteria
title_fullStr Metagenomics uncovers a new group of low GC and ultra-small marine Actinobacteria
title_full_unstemmed Metagenomics uncovers a new group of low GC and ultra-small marine Actinobacteria
title_short Metagenomics uncovers a new group of low GC and ultra-small marine Actinobacteria
title_sort metagenomics uncovers a new group of low gc and ultra-small marine actinobacteria
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3747508/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23959135
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep02471
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