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Modulation of Pineal Melatonin Synthesis by Glutamate Involves Paracrine Interactions between Pinealocytes and Astrocytes through NF-κB Activation

The glutamatergic modulation of melatonin synthesis is well known, along with the importance of astrocytes in mediating glutamatergic signaling in the central nervous system. Pinealocytes and astrocytes are the main cell types in the pineal gland. The objective of this work was to investigate the in...

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Autores principales: Villela, Darine, Atherino, Victoria Fairbanks, Lima, Larissa de Sá, Moutinho, Anderson Augusto, do Amaral, Fernanda Gaspar, Peres, Rafael, Martins de Lima, Thais, Torrão, Andréa da Silva, Cipolla-Neto, José, Scavone, Cristóforo, Afeche, Solange Castro
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3747608/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23984387
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/618432
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author Villela, Darine
Atherino, Victoria Fairbanks
Lima, Larissa de Sá
Moutinho, Anderson Augusto
do Amaral, Fernanda Gaspar
Peres, Rafael
Martins de Lima, Thais
Torrão, Andréa da Silva
Cipolla-Neto, José
Scavone, Cristóforo
Afeche, Solange Castro
author_facet Villela, Darine
Atherino, Victoria Fairbanks
Lima, Larissa de Sá
Moutinho, Anderson Augusto
do Amaral, Fernanda Gaspar
Peres, Rafael
Martins de Lima, Thais
Torrão, Andréa da Silva
Cipolla-Neto, José
Scavone, Cristóforo
Afeche, Solange Castro
author_sort Villela, Darine
collection PubMed
description The glutamatergic modulation of melatonin synthesis is well known, along with the importance of astrocytes in mediating glutamatergic signaling in the central nervous system. Pinealocytes and astrocytes are the main cell types in the pineal gland. The objective of this work was to investigate the interactions between astrocytes and pinealocytes as a part of the glutamate inhibitory effect on melatonin synthesis. Rat pinealocytes isolated or in coculture with astrocytes were incubated with glutamate in the presence of norepinephrine, and the melatonin content, was quantified. The expression of glutamate receptors, the intracellular calcium content and the NF-κB activation were analyzed in astrocytes and pinealocytes. TNF-α's possible mediation of the effect of glutamate was also investigated. The results showed that glutamate's inhibitory effect on melatonin synthesis involves interactions between astrocytes and pinealocytes, possibly through the release of TNF-α. Moreover, the activation of the astrocytic NF-κB seems to be a necessary step. In astrocytes and pinealocytes, AMPA, NMDA, and group I metabotropic glutamate receptors were observed, as well as the intracellular calcium elevation. In conclusion, there is evidence that the modulation of melatonin synthesis by glutamate involves paracrine interactions between pinealocytes and astrocytes through the activation of the astrocytic NF-κB transcription factor and possibly by subsequent TNF-α release.
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spelling pubmed-37476082013-08-27 Modulation of Pineal Melatonin Synthesis by Glutamate Involves Paracrine Interactions between Pinealocytes and Astrocytes through NF-κB Activation Villela, Darine Atherino, Victoria Fairbanks Lima, Larissa de Sá Moutinho, Anderson Augusto do Amaral, Fernanda Gaspar Peres, Rafael Martins de Lima, Thais Torrão, Andréa da Silva Cipolla-Neto, José Scavone, Cristóforo Afeche, Solange Castro Biomed Res Int Research Article The glutamatergic modulation of melatonin synthesis is well known, along with the importance of astrocytes in mediating glutamatergic signaling in the central nervous system. Pinealocytes and astrocytes are the main cell types in the pineal gland. The objective of this work was to investigate the interactions between astrocytes and pinealocytes as a part of the glutamate inhibitory effect on melatonin synthesis. Rat pinealocytes isolated or in coculture with astrocytes were incubated with glutamate in the presence of norepinephrine, and the melatonin content, was quantified. The expression of glutamate receptors, the intracellular calcium content and the NF-κB activation were analyzed in astrocytes and pinealocytes. TNF-α's possible mediation of the effect of glutamate was also investigated. The results showed that glutamate's inhibitory effect on melatonin synthesis involves interactions between astrocytes and pinealocytes, possibly through the release of TNF-α. Moreover, the activation of the astrocytic NF-κB seems to be a necessary step. In astrocytes and pinealocytes, AMPA, NMDA, and group I metabotropic glutamate receptors were observed, as well as the intracellular calcium elevation. In conclusion, there is evidence that the modulation of melatonin synthesis by glutamate involves paracrine interactions between pinealocytes and astrocytes through the activation of the astrocytic NF-κB transcription factor and possibly by subsequent TNF-α release. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013 2013-08-05 /pmc/articles/PMC3747608/ /pubmed/23984387 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/618432 Text en Copyright © 2013 Darine Villela et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Villela, Darine
Atherino, Victoria Fairbanks
Lima, Larissa de Sá
Moutinho, Anderson Augusto
do Amaral, Fernanda Gaspar
Peres, Rafael
Martins de Lima, Thais
Torrão, Andréa da Silva
Cipolla-Neto, José
Scavone, Cristóforo
Afeche, Solange Castro
Modulation of Pineal Melatonin Synthesis by Glutamate Involves Paracrine Interactions between Pinealocytes and Astrocytes through NF-κB Activation
title Modulation of Pineal Melatonin Synthesis by Glutamate Involves Paracrine Interactions between Pinealocytes and Astrocytes through NF-κB Activation
title_full Modulation of Pineal Melatonin Synthesis by Glutamate Involves Paracrine Interactions between Pinealocytes and Astrocytes through NF-κB Activation
title_fullStr Modulation of Pineal Melatonin Synthesis by Glutamate Involves Paracrine Interactions between Pinealocytes and Astrocytes through NF-κB Activation
title_full_unstemmed Modulation of Pineal Melatonin Synthesis by Glutamate Involves Paracrine Interactions between Pinealocytes and Astrocytes through NF-κB Activation
title_short Modulation of Pineal Melatonin Synthesis by Glutamate Involves Paracrine Interactions between Pinealocytes and Astrocytes through NF-κB Activation
title_sort modulation of pineal melatonin synthesis by glutamate involves paracrine interactions between pinealocytes and astrocytes through nf-κb activation
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3747608/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23984387
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/618432
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