The −842G/C Polymorphisms of PIN1 Contributes to Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis of 10 Case-Control Studies

BACKGROUND: Peptidyl-prolyl cis–trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1 (PIN1) plays an important role in cancer development. The relationship between PIN1 −842G/C (rs2233678) polymorphism and cancer risk was inconclusive according to published literature. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A literature search, up to February 2013, was carried out using PubMed, EMBASE and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database. A total of 10 case-control studies including 4619 cases and 4661 controls contributed to the quantitative analysis. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were used to assess the strength of association. Overall, individuals with the variant CG (OR = 0.728, 95% CI: 0.585,0.906; P(heterogeneity)<0.01) and CG/CC (OR = 0.731, 95% CI: 0.602,0.888; P(heterogeneity)<0.01) genotypes were associated with a significantly reduced cancer risk compared with those with wild GG genotype. Sub-group analysis revealed that the variant CG (OR = 0.635, 95% CI: 0.548,0.735; P(heterogeneity) = 0.240) and CG/CC (OR = 0.645, 95% CI: 0.559,0.744, Pheterogeneity = 0.258) genotypes still showed an reduced risk of cancer in Asians; while no significant association was observed in Caucasians (CG vs.GG: OR = 0.926, 95% CI: 0.572,1.499, P(heterogeneity)<0.01; CG/CC vs. GG: OR = 0.892, 95% CI: 0.589,1.353; P(heterogeneity)<0.01). Furthermore, sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of results. Begg's funnel plot and Egger's test did not reveal any publication bias. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis suggests that the PIN1 −842G/C polymorphism is associated with a significantly reduced risk of cancer, especially in Asian populations.