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Superporous hybrid hydrogels based on polyacrylamide and chitosan: Characterization and in vitro drug release
OBJECTIVE: Current research was aimed at the development of the drug delivery systems based on the superporous hydrogels (SPH) with the desired swelling and the mechanical properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Superporous hydrogel composites (SPHCs) and superporous hybrid hydrogels (SPHHs) based on the...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd
2013
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3757904/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24015380 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2230-973X.114906 |
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author | Nagpal, Manju Singh, Shailendra Kumar Mishra, Dinanath |
author_facet | Nagpal, Manju Singh, Shailendra Kumar Mishra, Dinanath |
author_sort | Nagpal, Manju |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: Current research was aimed at the development of the drug delivery systems based on the superporous hydrogels (SPH) with the desired swelling and the mechanical properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Superporous hydrogel composites (SPHCs) and superporous hybrid hydrogels (SPHHs) based on the chitosan and the polyacrylamide were synthesized using the gas blowing technique. The prepared hydrogels were evaluated for swelling studies, mechanical strength and scanning electron microscopy. The selected hydrogels were loaded with the drug (verapamil hydrochloride) by aqueous loading method. Drug integrity with in polymeric network was evaluated via fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (X-RD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), proton nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)HNMR) studies. In vitro drug release studies were carried out using the united state pharmacopoeial (USP) dissolution apparatus (type II). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The mechanical strength was observed to be higher in SPH hybrids in comparison to that in SPHCs while no significant difference was observed in swelling behavior. In situ crosslinking of chitosan with glutaraldehyde (GA) may be responsible for high mechanical strength. The equilibrium swelling time was slight higher in SPHH than in SPHCs. The integrity of pores was maintained in ethanol treated hydrogels as observed in scanning electron micrographs. Whereas, freeze dried SPH samples showed non-uniform pores. No drug polymer interaction was observed as indicated by DSC, FTIR, X-RD and NMR studies. However, the crosslinking of chitosan with GA was clearly indicated by these studies. The in vitro drug release studies from SPH hybrids indicated initial fast release (65%) with in first 2 h and then sustained release at the end of 24 h (95%). The addition of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose with drug; however, leads to a significant decrease in drug release (56% at the end of 24 h). CONCLUSION: Superporous hybrid hydrogels can be promising devices for the sustained delivery of drug candidates to the gastrointestinal region. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3757904 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-37579042013-09-06 Superporous hybrid hydrogels based on polyacrylamide and chitosan: Characterization and in vitro drug release Nagpal, Manju Singh, Shailendra Kumar Mishra, Dinanath Int J Pharm Investig Original Research Article OBJECTIVE: Current research was aimed at the development of the drug delivery systems based on the superporous hydrogels (SPH) with the desired swelling and the mechanical properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Superporous hydrogel composites (SPHCs) and superporous hybrid hydrogels (SPHHs) based on the chitosan and the polyacrylamide were synthesized using the gas blowing technique. The prepared hydrogels were evaluated for swelling studies, mechanical strength and scanning electron microscopy. The selected hydrogels were loaded with the drug (verapamil hydrochloride) by aqueous loading method. Drug integrity with in polymeric network was evaluated via fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (X-RD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), proton nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)HNMR) studies. In vitro drug release studies were carried out using the united state pharmacopoeial (USP) dissolution apparatus (type II). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The mechanical strength was observed to be higher in SPH hybrids in comparison to that in SPHCs while no significant difference was observed in swelling behavior. In situ crosslinking of chitosan with glutaraldehyde (GA) may be responsible for high mechanical strength. The equilibrium swelling time was slight higher in SPHH than in SPHCs. The integrity of pores was maintained in ethanol treated hydrogels as observed in scanning electron micrographs. Whereas, freeze dried SPH samples showed non-uniform pores. No drug polymer interaction was observed as indicated by DSC, FTIR, X-RD and NMR studies. However, the crosslinking of chitosan with GA was clearly indicated by these studies. The in vitro drug release studies from SPH hybrids indicated initial fast release (65%) with in first 2 h and then sustained release at the end of 24 h (95%). The addition of hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose with drug; however, leads to a significant decrease in drug release (56% at the end of 24 h). CONCLUSION: Superporous hybrid hydrogels can be promising devices for the sustained delivery of drug candidates to the gastrointestinal region. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2013 /pmc/articles/PMC3757904/ /pubmed/24015380 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2230-973X.114906 Text en Copyright: © International Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Article Nagpal, Manju Singh, Shailendra Kumar Mishra, Dinanath Superporous hybrid hydrogels based on polyacrylamide and chitosan: Characterization and in vitro drug release |
title | Superporous hybrid hydrogels based on polyacrylamide and chitosan: Characterization and in vitro drug release |
title_full | Superporous hybrid hydrogels based on polyacrylamide and chitosan: Characterization and in vitro drug release |
title_fullStr | Superporous hybrid hydrogels based on polyacrylamide and chitosan: Characterization and in vitro drug release |
title_full_unstemmed | Superporous hybrid hydrogels based on polyacrylamide and chitosan: Characterization and in vitro drug release |
title_short | Superporous hybrid hydrogels based on polyacrylamide and chitosan: Characterization and in vitro drug release |
title_sort | superporous hybrid hydrogels based on polyacrylamide and chitosan: characterization and in vitro drug release |
topic | Original Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3757904/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24015380 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2230-973X.114906 |
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