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Increased Systemic and Local Interleukin 9 Levels in Patients with Carotid and Coronary Atherosclerosis
OBJECTIVE: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder that involves a range of inflammatory mediators. Although interleukin (IL)-9 has been related to inflammation, there are at present no data on its role in atherosclerosis. Here we have examined IL-9 and IL-9 receptor (IL-9R) systemically...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3758349/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24023645 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0072769 |
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author | Gregersen, Ida Skjelland, Mona Holm, Sverre Holven, Kirsten B. Krogh-Sørensen, Kirsten Russell, David Askevold, Erik T. Dahl, Christen P. Ørn, Stein Gullestad, Lars Mollnes, Tom E. Ueland, Thor Aukrust, Pål Halvorsen, Bente |
author_facet | Gregersen, Ida Skjelland, Mona Holm, Sverre Holven, Kirsten B. Krogh-Sørensen, Kirsten Russell, David Askevold, Erik T. Dahl, Christen P. Ørn, Stein Gullestad, Lars Mollnes, Tom E. Ueland, Thor Aukrust, Pål Halvorsen, Bente |
author_sort | Gregersen, Ida |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder that involves a range of inflammatory mediators. Although interleukin (IL)-9 has been related to inflammation, there are at present no data on its role in atherosclerosis. Here we have examined IL-9 and IL-9 receptor (IL-9R) systemically and locally in patients with coronary and carotid atherosclerosis. METHODS: Plasma IL-9 was quantified by enzyme immunoassay and multiplex technology. IL-9 and IL-9R mRNA were quantified by real-time RT-PCR, and their localization within the lesion was assessed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The main findings were: (i) Patients with carotid atherosclerosis had significantly raised IL-9 plasma levels compared with healthy controls (n = 28), with no differences between asymptomatic (n = 56) and symptomatic (n = 88) patients. (ii) On admission, patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) (n = 42) had markedly raised IL-9 plasma levels which gradually declined during the first week post-MI. (iii) T cells and monocytes from patients with unstable angina (n = 17) had increased mRNA levels of IL-9 as compared with controls (n = 11). (iv) Carotid plaques (n = 68) showed increased mRNA levels of IL-9 and IL-9R compared to non-atherosclerotic vessels (n = 10). Co-localization to T cells (IL-9 and IL-9R) and macrophages (IL-9) were shown by immunohistochemistry. (v) IL-9 increased IL-17 release in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with unstable angina (n = 5) and healthy controls (n = 5) with a particularly enhancing effect in cells from the patient group. CONCLUSION: Our findings show increased IL-9 levels in different atherosclerotic disorders both systemically and within the lesion, suggesting a role for the IL-9/IL-9R axis in the atherosclerotic process, potentially involving IL-17 mediated mechanisms. However, the functional consequences of these findings should be further investigated. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3758349 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-37583492013-09-10 Increased Systemic and Local Interleukin 9 Levels in Patients with Carotid and Coronary Atherosclerosis Gregersen, Ida Skjelland, Mona Holm, Sverre Holven, Kirsten B. Krogh-Sørensen, Kirsten Russell, David Askevold, Erik T. Dahl, Christen P. Ørn, Stein Gullestad, Lars Mollnes, Tom E. Ueland, Thor Aukrust, Pål Halvorsen, Bente PLoS One Research Article OBJECTIVE: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder that involves a range of inflammatory mediators. Although interleukin (IL)-9 has been related to inflammation, there are at present no data on its role in atherosclerosis. Here we have examined IL-9 and IL-9 receptor (IL-9R) systemically and locally in patients with coronary and carotid atherosclerosis. METHODS: Plasma IL-9 was quantified by enzyme immunoassay and multiplex technology. IL-9 and IL-9R mRNA were quantified by real-time RT-PCR, and their localization within the lesion was assessed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: The main findings were: (i) Patients with carotid atherosclerosis had significantly raised IL-9 plasma levels compared with healthy controls (n = 28), with no differences between asymptomatic (n = 56) and symptomatic (n = 88) patients. (ii) On admission, patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) (n = 42) had markedly raised IL-9 plasma levels which gradually declined during the first week post-MI. (iii) T cells and monocytes from patients with unstable angina (n = 17) had increased mRNA levels of IL-9 as compared with controls (n = 11). (iv) Carotid plaques (n = 68) showed increased mRNA levels of IL-9 and IL-9R compared to non-atherosclerotic vessels (n = 10). Co-localization to T cells (IL-9 and IL-9R) and macrophages (IL-9) were shown by immunohistochemistry. (v) IL-9 increased IL-17 release in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with unstable angina (n = 5) and healthy controls (n = 5) with a particularly enhancing effect in cells from the patient group. CONCLUSION: Our findings show increased IL-9 levels in different atherosclerotic disorders both systemically and within the lesion, suggesting a role for the IL-9/IL-9R axis in the atherosclerotic process, potentially involving IL-17 mediated mechanisms. However, the functional consequences of these findings should be further investigated. Public Library of Science 2013-08-30 /pmc/articles/PMC3758349/ /pubmed/24023645 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0072769 Text en © 2013 Gregersen et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Gregersen, Ida Skjelland, Mona Holm, Sverre Holven, Kirsten B. Krogh-Sørensen, Kirsten Russell, David Askevold, Erik T. Dahl, Christen P. Ørn, Stein Gullestad, Lars Mollnes, Tom E. Ueland, Thor Aukrust, Pål Halvorsen, Bente Increased Systemic and Local Interleukin 9 Levels in Patients with Carotid and Coronary Atherosclerosis |
title | Increased Systemic and Local Interleukin 9 Levels in Patients with Carotid and Coronary Atherosclerosis |
title_full | Increased Systemic and Local Interleukin 9 Levels in Patients with Carotid and Coronary Atherosclerosis |
title_fullStr | Increased Systemic and Local Interleukin 9 Levels in Patients with Carotid and Coronary Atherosclerosis |
title_full_unstemmed | Increased Systemic and Local Interleukin 9 Levels in Patients with Carotid and Coronary Atherosclerosis |
title_short | Increased Systemic and Local Interleukin 9 Levels in Patients with Carotid and Coronary Atherosclerosis |
title_sort | increased systemic and local interleukin 9 levels in patients with carotid and coronary atherosclerosis |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3758349/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24023645 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0072769 |
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