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Contribution of Lung Macrophages to the Inflammatory Responses Induced by Exposure to Air Pollutants
Large population cohort studies have indicated an association between exposure to particulate matter and cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality. The inhalation of toxic environmental particles and gases impacts the innate and adaptive defense systems of the lung. Lung macrophages play a critically...
Autores principales: | , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3766602/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24058272 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/619523 |
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author | Hiraiwa, Kunihiko van Eeden, Stephan F. |
author_facet | Hiraiwa, Kunihiko van Eeden, Stephan F. |
author_sort | Hiraiwa, Kunihiko |
collection | PubMed |
description | Large population cohort studies have indicated an association between exposure to particulate matter and cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality. The inhalation of toxic environmental particles and gases impacts the innate and adaptive defense systems of the lung. Lung macrophages play a critically important role in the recognition and processing of any inhaled foreign material such as pathogens or particulate matter. Alveolar macrophages and lung epithelial cells are the predominant cells that process and remove inhaled particulate matter from the lung. Cooperatively, they produce proinflammatory mediators when exposed to atmospheric particles. These mediators produce integrated local (lung, controlled predominantly by epithelial cells) and systemic (bone marrow and vascular system, controlled predominantly by macrophages) inflammatory responses. The systemic response results in an increase in the release of leukocytes from the bone marrow and an increased production of acute phase proteins from the liver, with both factors impacting blood vessels and leading to destabilization of existing atherosclerotic plaques. This review focuses on lung macrophages and their role in orchestrating the inflammatory responses induced by exposure to air pollutants. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3766602 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Hindawi Publishing Corporation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-37666022013-09-22 Contribution of Lung Macrophages to the Inflammatory Responses Induced by Exposure to Air Pollutants Hiraiwa, Kunihiko van Eeden, Stephan F. Mediators Inflamm Review Article Large population cohort studies have indicated an association between exposure to particulate matter and cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality. The inhalation of toxic environmental particles and gases impacts the innate and adaptive defense systems of the lung. Lung macrophages play a critically important role in the recognition and processing of any inhaled foreign material such as pathogens or particulate matter. Alveolar macrophages and lung epithelial cells are the predominant cells that process and remove inhaled particulate matter from the lung. Cooperatively, they produce proinflammatory mediators when exposed to atmospheric particles. These mediators produce integrated local (lung, controlled predominantly by epithelial cells) and systemic (bone marrow and vascular system, controlled predominantly by macrophages) inflammatory responses. The systemic response results in an increase in the release of leukocytes from the bone marrow and an increased production of acute phase proteins from the liver, with both factors impacting blood vessels and leading to destabilization of existing atherosclerotic plaques. This review focuses on lung macrophages and their role in orchestrating the inflammatory responses induced by exposure to air pollutants. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013 2013-08-22 /pmc/articles/PMC3766602/ /pubmed/24058272 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/619523 Text en Copyright © 2013 K. Hiraiwa and S. F. van Eeden. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Hiraiwa, Kunihiko van Eeden, Stephan F. Contribution of Lung Macrophages to the Inflammatory Responses Induced by Exposure to Air Pollutants |
title | Contribution of Lung Macrophages to the Inflammatory Responses Induced by Exposure to Air Pollutants |
title_full | Contribution of Lung Macrophages to the Inflammatory Responses Induced by Exposure to Air Pollutants |
title_fullStr | Contribution of Lung Macrophages to the Inflammatory Responses Induced by Exposure to Air Pollutants |
title_full_unstemmed | Contribution of Lung Macrophages to the Inflammatory Responses Induced by Exposure to Air Pollutants |
title_short | Contribution of Lung Macrophages to the Inflammatory Responses Induced by Exposure to Air Pollutants |
title_sort | contribution of lung macrophages to the inflammatory responses induced by exposure to air pollutants |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3766602/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24058272 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/619523 |
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