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The Metabolic Syndrome among Postmenopausal Women in Rural Canton: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and the Optimal Obesity and Atherogenic Indices
OBJECTIVES: This research aimed to (i) determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components; (ii) assess factors associated with MetS, and (iii) define optimal ethnic-specific cutoffs of obesity- and atherogenic-based markers to predict MetS among postmenopausal women in rural Ca...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3767690/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24040183 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0074121 |
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author | Liang, Huiying Chen, Xi Chen, Qiaozhu Wang, Yulin Wu, Xueji Li, Yaohui Pan, Bingying Liu, Huazhang Li, Ming |
author_facet | Liang, Huiying Chen, Xi Chen, Qiaozhu Wang, Yulin Wu, Xueji Li, Yaohui Pan, Bingying Liu, Huazhang Li, Ming |
author_sort | Liang, Huiying |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVES: This research aimed to (i) determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components; (ii) assess factors associated with MetS, and (iii) define optimal ethnic-specific cutoffs of obesity- and atherogenic-based markers to predict MetS among postmenopausal women in rural Canton. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The Rural Canton Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study, a population based cross-sectional study, was conducted during 2011–2012 in Canton. In person interviews, blood glucose and lipid measurements were completed for 4,706 postmenopausal women who did not receive hormone replacement therapy. MetS was diagnosed using criteria of the Joint-Interim-Statement (JIS), the International-Diabetes-Federation (IDF) and the Modified-Third-Adult-Treatment-Panel (M-ATPIII). Age-standardized prevalence of MetS was 38.4%, 28.8%, and 37.1% according to JIS, IDF, and M-ATPIII criteria, respectively. Excellent agreement was observed between three definitions (κ≥0.79), in particular between JIS and ATPIII (κ = 0.98, 95%CI: 0.97–0.98). Factors positively associated with MetS were living in Southern Canton, personal income, current smoking, higher BMI, and family history of cardiovascular disease. However, regular leisure-time physical activity can have protective effects. The optimal cutoff values for waist-circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio(WHtR), BMI, HDL-cholesterol to total cholesterol ratio (HDL/TC), HDL-cholesterol to LDL-cholesterol ratio (HDL/LDL), and triglyceride to HDL-cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL) that predicted the presence of MetS were 79.5 cm, 0.86, 0.53, 22.47 kg/m(2), 0.33, 0.68, and 0.88, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the importance of MetS among postmenopausal women in rural Canton. Our findings contribute to help selecting Cantonese-specific markers to predict MetS and support the need to establish educational program for promoting healthy-lifestyles among this population. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3767690 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-37676902013-09-13 The Metabolic Syndrome among Postmenopausal Women in Rural Canton: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and the Optimal Obesity and Atherogenic Indices Liang, Huiying Chen, Xi Chen, Qiaozhu Wang, Yulin Wu, Xueji Li, Yaohui Pan, Bingying Liu, Huazhang Li, Ming PLoS One Research Article OBJECTIVES: This research aimed to (i) determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components; (ii) assess factors associated with MetS, and (iii) define optimal ethnic-specific cutoffs of obesity- and atherogenic-based markers to predict MetS among postmenopausal women in rural Canton. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The Rural Canton Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study, a population based cross-sectional study, was conducted during 2011–2012 in Canton. In person interviews, blood glucose and lipid measurements were completed for 4,706 postmenopausal women who did not receive hormone replacement therapy. MetS was diagnosed using criteria of the Joint-Interim-Statement (JIS), the International-Diabetes-Federation (IDF) and the Modified-Third-Adult-Treatment-Panel (M-ATPIII). Age-standardized prevalence of MetS was 38.4%, 28.8%, and 37.1% according to JIS, IDF, and M-ATPIII criteria, respectively. Excellent agreement was observed between three definitions (κ≥0.79), in particular between JIS and ATPIII (κ = 0.98, 95%CI: 0.97–0.98). Factors positively associated with MetS were living in Southern Canton, personal income, current smoking, higher BMI, and family history of cardiovascular disease. However, regular leisure-time physical activity can have protective effects. The optimal cutoff values for waist-circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio(WHtR), BMI, HDL-cholesterol to total cholesterol ratio (HDL/TC), HDL-cholesterol to LDL-cholesterol ratio (HDL/LDL), and triglyceride to HDL-cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL) that predicted the presence of MetS were 79.5 cm, 0.86, 0.53, 22.47 kg/m(2), 0.33, 0.68, and 0.88, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the importance of MetS among postmenopausal women in rural Canton. Our findings contribute to help selecting Cantonese-specific markers to predict MetS and support the need to establish educational program for promoting healthy-lifestyles among this population. Public Library of Science 2013-09-09 /pmc/articles/PMC3767690/ /pubmed/24040183 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0074121 Text en © 2013 Liang et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Liang, Huiying Chen, Xi Chen, Qiaozhu Wang, Yulin Wu, Xueji Li, Yaohui Pan, Bingying Liu, Huazhang Li, Ming The Metabolic Syndrome among Postmenopausal Women in Rural Canton: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and the Optimal Obesity and Atherogenic Indices |
title | The Metabolic Syndrome among Postmenopausal Women in Rural Canton: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and the Optimal Obesity and Atherogenic Indices |
title_full | The Metabolic Syndrome among Postmenopausal Women in Rural Canton: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and the Optimal Obesity and Atherogenic Indices |
title_fullStr | The Metabolic Syndrome among Postmenopausal Women in Rural Canton: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and the Optimal Obesity and Atherogenic Indices |
title_full_unstemmed | The Metabolic Syndrome among Postmenopausal Women in Rural Canton: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and the Optimal Obesity and Atherogenic Indices |
title_short | The Metabolic Syndrome among Postmenopausal Women in Rural Canton: Prevalence, Associated Factors, and the Optimal Obesity and Atherogenic Indices |
title_sort | metabolic syndrome among postmenopausal women in rural canton: prevalence, associated factors, and the optimal obesity and atherogenic indices |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3767690/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24040183 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0074121 |
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