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Epidemiologically relevant antimicrobial resistance phenotypes in pathogens isolated from critically ill patients in a Brazilian Universitary Hospital

Antimicrobial resistance is a threat to public health worldwide and is associated with higher mortality and morbidity. Despite the extensive knowledge about this problem, drug resistance has continued to emerge, especially in intensive care units (ICUs). The objective of this study was to evaluate t...

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Autores principales: de Carvalho, Rodolfo Henriques, Gontijo Filho, Paulo P.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia 2008
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3768458/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24031278
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1517-83822008000400005
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author de Carvalho, Rodolfo Henriques
Gontijo Filho, Paulo P.
author_facet de Carvalho, Rodolfo Henriques
Gontijo Filho, Paulo P.
author_sort de Carvalho, Rodolfo Henriques
collection PubMed
description Antimicrobial resistance is a threat to public health worldwide and is associated with higher mortality and morbidity. Despite the extensive knowledge about this problem, drug resistance has continued to emerge, especially in intensive care units (ICUs). The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequencies of epidemiologically relevant resistance phenotypes in pathogens isolated from ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), bloodstream infections (BSI) and urinary tract infections (UTI) in patients admitted in the adult intensive care unit (AICU) of the Clinical Hospital of Federal University of Uberlândia, during an one year period. Additionally, at the period of the study, the antibiotic consumption in AICU was verified. Coagulase-negative staphylococci and S. aureus were the main agents of BSI (43.9%), with 60.0% of oxacilin-resistance for both microorganisms, Klebsiella-Enterobacter group predominated in UTI (23.4%), with resistance to third generation cephalosporins in 58.0% of the isolates; and, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in VAP (42.0%), with 72.0% of resistance to imipenem. Cephalosporins (49.6%), vancomycin (37.4%) and carbapenems (26.6%) were the most prescribed antibiotics in the unit. The comparison of the results with a publication of the NNIS program evidenced a worse situation in the studied hospital, mainly between Gram-negative, that had surpassed the percentile 90% elaborated by that system. Based on these results a reconsideration on the empirical use of antibiotics and on prevention and control of nosocomial infections practices is recommended.
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spelling pubmed-37684582013-09-12 Epidemiologically relevant antimicrobial resistance phenotypes in pathogens isolated from critically ill patients in a Brazilian Universitary Hospital de Carvalho, Rodolfo Henriques Gontijo Filho, Paulo P. Braz J Microbiol Medical Microbiology Antimicrobial resistance is a threat to public health worldwide and is associated with higher mortality and morbidity. Despite the extensive knowledge about this problem, drug resistance has continued to emerge, especially in intensive care units (ICUs). The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequencies of epidemiologically relevant resistance phenotypes in pathogens isolated from ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), bloodstream infections (BSI) and urinary tract infections (UTI) in patients admitted in the adult intensive care unit (AICU) of the Clinical Hospital of Federal University of Uberlândia, during an one year period. Additionally, at the period of the study, the antibiotic consumption in AICU was verified. Coagulase-negative staphylococci and S. aureus were the main agents of BSI (43.9%), with 60.0% of oxacilin-resistance for both microorganisms, Klebsiella-Enterobacter group predominated in UTI (23.4%), with resistance to third generation cephalosporins in 58.0% of the isolates; and, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in VAP (42.0%), with 72.0% of resistance to imipenem. Cephalosporins (49.6%), vancomycin (37.4%) and carbapenems (26.6%) were the most prescribed antibiotics in the unit. The comparison of the results with a publication of the NNIS program evidenced a worse situation in the studied hospital, mainly between Gram-negative, that had surpassed the percentile 90% elaborated by that system. Based on these results a reconsideration on the empirical use of antibiotics and on prevention and control of nosocomial infections practices is recommended. Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia 2008 2008-12-01 /pmc/articles/PMC3768458/ /pubmed/24031278 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1517-83822008000400005 Text en © Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ All the content of the journal, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons License
spellingShingle Medical Microbiology
de Carvalho, Rodolfo Henriques
Gontijo Filho, Paulo P.
Epidemiologically relevant antimicrobial resistance phenotypes in pathogens isolated from critically ill patients in a Brazilian Universitary Hospital
title Epidemiologically relevant antimicrobial resistance phenotypes in pathogens isolated from critically ill patients in a Brazilian Universitary Hospital
title_full Epidemiologically relevant antimicrobial resistance phenotypes in pathogens isolated from critically ill patients in a Brazilian Universitary Hospital
title_fullStr Epidemiologically relevant antimicrobial resistance phenotypes in pathogens isolated from critically ill patients in a Brazilian Universitary Hospital
title_full_unstemmed Epidemiologically relevant antimicrobial resistance phenotypes in pathogens isolated from critically ill patients in a Brazilian Universitary Hospital
title_short Epidemiologically relevant antimicrobial resistance phenotypes in pathogens isolated from critically ill patients in a Brazilian Universitary Hospital
title_sort epidemiologically relevant antimicrobial resistance phenotypes in pathogens isolated from critically ill patients in a brazilian universitary hospital
topic Medical Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3768458/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24031278
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1517-83822008000400005
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