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Nanoglasses: a new kind of noncrystalline materials

Nanoglasses are a new class of noncrystalline solids. They differ from today’s glasses due to their microstructure that resembles the microstructure of polycrystals. They consist of regions with a melt-quenched glassy structure connected by interfacial regions, the structure of which is characterize...

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Autor principal: Gleiter, Herbert
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Beilstein-Institut 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3778333/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24062978
http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.4.61
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author Gleiter, Herbert
author_facet Gleiter, Herbert
author_sort Gleiter, Herbert
collection PubMed
description Nanoglasses are a new class of noncrystalline solids. They differ from today’s glasses due to their microstructure that resembles the microstructure of polycrystals. They consist of regions with a melt-quenched glassy structure connected by interfacial regions, the structure of which is characterized (in comparison to the corresponding melt-quenched glass) by (1) a reduced (up to about 10%) density, (2) a reduced (up to about 20%) number of nearest-neighbor atoms and (3) a different electronic structure. Due to their new kind of atomic and electronic structure, the properties of nanoglasses may be modified by (1) controlling the size of the glassy regions (i.e., the volume fraction of the interfacial regions) and/or (2) by varying their chemical composition. Nanoglasses exhibit new properties, e.g., a Fe(90)Sc(10) nanoglass is (at 300 K) a strong ferromagnet whereas the corresponding melt-quenched glass is paramagnetic. Moreover, nanoglasses were noted to be more ductile, more biocompatible, and catalytically more active than the corresponding melt-quenched glasses. Hence, this new class of noncrystalline materials may open the way to technologies utilizing the new properties.
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spelling pubmed-37783332013-09-23 Nanoglasses: a new kind of noncrystalline materials Gleiter, Herbert Beilstein J Nanotechnol Review Nanoglasses are a new class of noncrystalline solids. They differ from today’s glasses due to their microstructure that resembles the microstructure of polycrystals. They consist of regions with a melt-quenched glassy structure connected by interfacial regions, the structure of which is characterized (in comparison to the corresponding melt-quenched glass) by (1) a reduced (up to about 10%) density, (2) a reduced (up to about 20%) number of nearest-neighbor atoms and (3) a different electronic structure. Due to their new kind of atomic and electronic structure, the properties of nanoglasses may be modified by (1) controlling the size of the glassy regions (i.e., the volume fraction of the interfacial regions) and/or (2) by varying their chemical composition. Nanoglasses exhibit new properties, e.g., a Fe(90)Sc(10) nanoglass is (at 300 K) a strong ferromagnet whereas the corresponding melt-quenched glass is paramagnetic. Moreover, nanoglasses were noted to be more ductile, more biocompatible, and catalytically more active than the corresponding melt-quenched glasses. Hence, this new class of noncrystalline materials may open the way to technologies utilizing the new properties. Beilstein-Institut 2013-09-13 /pmc/articles/PMC3778333/ /pubmed/24062978 http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.4.61 Text en Copyright © 2013, Gleiter https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0https://www.beilstein-journals.org/bjnano/termsThis is an Open Access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The license is subject to the Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology terms and conditions: (https://www.beilstein-journals.org/bjnano/terms)
spellingShingle Review
Gleiter, Herbert
Nanoglasses: a new kind of noncrystalline materials
title Nanoglasses: a new kind of noncrystalline materials
title_full Nanoglasses: a new kind of noncrystalline materials
title_fullStr Nanoglasses: a new kind of noncrystalline materials
title_full_unstemmed Nanoglasses: a new kind of noncrystalline materials
title_short Nanoglasses: a new kind of noncrystalline materials
title_sort nanoglasses: a new kind of noncrystalline materials
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3778333/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24062978
http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.4.61
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