Cargando…

Thiol-based redox control of enzymes involved in the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway in plants

The last decades of research brought substantial insights into tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway in photosynthetic organisms. Almost all genes have been identified and roles of seemingly all essential proteins, leading to the synthesis of heme, siroheme, phytochromobilin, and chlorophyll (Chl), have...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Richter, Andreas S., Grimm, Bernhard
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3778395/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24065975
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2013.00371
_version_ 1782285106273058816
author Richter, Andreas S.
Grimm, Bernhard
author_facet Richter, Andreas S.
Grimm, Bernhard
author_sort Richter, Andreas S.
collection PubMed
description The last decades of research brought substantial insights into tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway in photosynthetic organisms. Almost all genes have been identified and roles of seemingly all essential proteins, leading to the synthesis of heme, siroheme, phytochromobilin, and chlorophyll (Chl), have been characterized. Detailed studies revealed the existence of a complex network of transcriptional and post-translational control mechanisms for maintaining a well-adjusted tetrapyrrole biosynthesis during plant development and adequate responses to environmental changes. Among others one of the known post-translational modifications is regulation of enzyme activities by redox modulators. Thioredoxins and NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC) adjust the activity of tetrapyrrole synthesis to the redox status of plastids. Excessive excitation energy of Chls in both photosystems and accumulation of light-absorbing unbound tetrapyrrole intermediates generate reactive oxygen species, which interfere with the plastid redox poise. Recent reports highlight ferredoxin-thioredoxin and NTRC-dependent control of key steps in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis in plants. In this review we introduce the regulatory impact of these reductants on the stability and activity of enzymes involved in 5-aminolevulinic acid synthesis as well as in the Mg-branch of the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway and we propose molecular mechanisms behind this redox control.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-3778395
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2013
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-37783952013-09-24 Thiol-based redox control of enzymes involved in the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway in plants Richter, Andreas S. Grimm, Bernhard Front Plant Sci Plant Science The last decades of research brought substantial insights into tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway in photosynthetic organisms. Almost all genes have been identified and roles of seemingly all essential proteins, leading to the synthesis of heme, siroheme, phytochromobilin, and chlorophyll (Chl), have been characterized. Detailed studies revealed the existence of a complex network of transcriptional and post-translational control mechanisms for maintaining a well-adjusted tetrapyrrole biosynthesis during plant development and adequate responses to environmental changes. Among others one of the known post-translational modifications is regulation of enzyme activities by redox modulators. Thioredoxins and NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase C (NTRC) adjust the activity of tetrapyrrole synthesis to the redox status of plastids. Excessive excitation energy of Chls in both photosystems and accumulation of light-absorbing unbound tetrapyrrole intermediates generate reactive oxygen species, which interfere with the plastid redox poise. Recent reports highlight ferredoxin-thioredoxin and NTRC-dependent control of key steps in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis in plants. In this review we introduce the regulatory impact of these reductants on the stability and activity of enzymes involved in 5-aminolevulinic acid synthesis as well as in the Mg-branch of the tetrapyrrole biosynthetic pathway and we propose molecular mechanisms behind this redox control. Frontiers Media S.A. 2013-09-20 /pmc/articles/PMC3778395/ /pubmed/24065975 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2013.00371 Text en Copyright © Richter and Grimm. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Richter, Andreas S.
Grimm, Bernhard
Thiol-based redox control of enzymes involved in the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway in plants
title Thiol-based redox control of enzymes involved in the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway in plants
title_full Thiol-based redox control of enzymes involved in the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway in plants
title_fullStr Thiol-based redox control of enzymes involved in the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway in plants
title_full_unstemmed Thiol-based redox control of enzymes involved in the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway in plants
title_short Thiol-based redox control of enzymes involved in the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway in plants
title_sort thiol-based redox control of enzymes involved in the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway in plants
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3778395/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24065975
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2013.00371
work_keys_str_mv AT richterandreass thiolbasedredoxcontrolofenzymesinvolvedinthetetrapyrrolebiosynthesispathwayinplants
AT grimmbernhard thiolbasedredoxcontrolofenzymesinvolvedinthetetrapyrrolebiosynthesispathwayinplants