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Acute and Subchronic Toxicity Study of Tamra Bhasma (Incinerated Copper) prepared from Ashodhita (Unpurified) and Shodhita (Purified) Tamra in Rats
The use of metals in traditional medicines is very often seen as matter of concern these days, especially the Bhasma preparations which are always under stringent observations for containing highly reactive inorganic elements such as lead, mercury, arsenic and others. One of the Bhasma extensively u...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd
2013
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3783753/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24082351 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0250-474X.117433 |
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author | Jagtap, C. Y. Ashok, B. K. Patgiri, B. J. Prajapati, P. K. Ravishankar, B. |
author_facet | Jagtap, C. Y. Ashok, B. K. Patgiri, B. J. Prajapati, P. K. Ravishankar, B. |
author_sort | Jagtap, C. Y. |
collection | PubMed |
description | The use of metals in traditional medicines is very often seen as matter of concern these days, especially the Bhasma preparations which are always under stringent observations for containing highly reactive inorganic elements such as lead, mercury, arsenic and others. One of the Bhasma extensively used in routine Ayurvedic practice is Tamra (copper) bhasma. If it is not prepared properly or Shodhana procedure is not done properly, it acts as a poison. To indicate its toxic potential, Ashtamahadoshas (eight major ill effects) have been quoted in classics and due emphasis have been given to its Shodhana procedure. In the present study, Tamra bhasma prepared from Shodhita and Ashodhita Tamra was subjected to oral toxicity study to ascertain the role of Shodhana process on safety profile of Tamra bhasma on subchronic administration to albino rats. Both the samples were administered to rats for 45 consecutive days at the doses of 5.5, 27.5, and 55 mg/kg. Animals were sacrificed on 46(th) day and parameters like hematological, serum biochemical, and histopathology of various organs were studied. Results showed that Tamra bhasma prepared from Ashodhita Tamra has pathological implications on different hematological, serum biochemical and cytoarchitecture of different organs even at therapeutic dose level (5.5 mg/kg). Whereas, Tamra bhasma prepared from Shodhita Tamra is safe even at five-fold to therapeutic equivalent doses (27.5 mg/kg). These observations emphasize the role of Shodhana and importance of dose in expression of toxicity of the medicinal preparations. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3783753 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-37837532013-09-30 Acute and Subchronic Toxicity Study of Tamra Bhasma (Incinerated Copper) prepared from Ashodhita (Unpurified) and Shodhita (Purified) Tamra in Rats Jagtap, C. Y. Ashok, B. K. Patgiri, B. J. Prajapati, P. K. Ravishankar, B. Indian J Pharm Sci Research Paper The use of metals in traditional medicines is very often seen as matter of concern these days, especially the Bhasma preparations which are always under stringent observations for containing highly reactive inorganic elements such as lead, mercury, arsenic and others. One of the Bhasma extensively used in routine Ayurvedic practice is Tamra (copper) bhasma. If it is not prepared properly or Shodhana procedure is not done properly, it acts as a poison. To indicate its toxic potential, Ashtamahadoshas (eight major ill effects) have been quoted in classics and due emphasis have been given to its Shodhana procedure. In the present study, Tamra bhasma prepared from Shodhita and Ashodhita Tamra was subjected to oral toxicity study to ascertain the role of Shodhana process on safety profile of Tamra bhasma on subchronic administration to albino rats. Both the samples were administered to rats for 45 consecutive days at the doses of 5.5, 27.5, and 55 mg/kg. Animals were sacrificed on 46(th) day and parameters like hematological, serum biochemical, and histopathology of various organs were studied. Results showed that Tamra bhasma prepared from Ashodhita Tamra has pathological implications on different hematological, serum biochemical and cytoarchitecture of different organs even at therapeutic dose level (5.5 mg/kg). Whereas, Tamra bhasma prepared from Shodhita Tamra is safe even at five-fold to therapeutic equivalent doses (27.5 mg/kg). These observations emphasize the role of Shodhana and importance of dose in expression of toxicity of the medicinal preparations. Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd 2013 /pmc/articles/PMC3783753/ /pubmed/24082351 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0250-474X.117433 Text en Copyright: © Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0 This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Paper Jagtap, C. Y. Ashok, B. K. Patgiri, B. J. Prajapati, P. K. Ravishankar, B. Acute and Subchronic Toxicity Study of Tamra Bhasma (Incinerated Copper) prepared from Ashodhita (Unpurified) and Shodhita (Purified) Tamra in Rats |
title | Acute and Subchronic Toxicity Study of Tamra
Bhasma (Incinerated Copper) prepared from Ashodhita (Unpurified) and Shodhita (Purified) Tamra in Rats |
title_full | Acute and Subchronic Toxicity Study of Tamra
Bhasma (Incinerated Copper) prepared from Ashodhita (Unpurified) and Shodhita (Purified) Tamra in Rats |
title_fullStr | Acute and Subchronic Toxicity Study of Tamra
Bhasma (Incinerated Copper) prepared from Ashodhita (Unpurified) and Shodhita (Purified) Tamra in Rats |
title_full_unstemmed | Acute and Subchronic Toxicity Study of Tamra
Bhasma (Incinerated Copper) prepared from Ashodhita (Unpurified) and Shodhita (Purified) Tamra in Rats |
title_short | Acute and Subchronic Toxicity Study of Tamra
Bhasma (Incinerated Copper) prepared from Ashodhita (Unpurified) and Shodhita (Purified) Tamra in Rats |
title_sort | acute and subchronic toxicity study of tamra
bhasma (incinerated copper) prepared from ashodhita (unpurified) and shodhita (purified) tamra in rats |
topic | Research Paper |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3783753/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24082351 http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0250-474X.117433 |
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