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Dose- and Time-Dependent Apoptosis Induced by Avian H9N2 Influenza Virus in Human Cells
To understand human response to avian H9N2 influenza, we investigated the effects of the viral infection on A549, HepG2, and HeLa cells at low and high MOIs. To identify virus-host interplay, expression of Mx and NP genes was measured in the cells supernatants. Cell viability and apoptosis were eval...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Hindawi Publishing Corporation
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3784084/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24106708 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/524165 |
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author | Shahsavandi, Shahla Ebrahimi, Mohammad Majid Sadeghi, Kaveh Mosavi, Seyedeh Zahra Mohammadi, Ashraf |
author_facet | Shahsavandi, Shahla Ebrahimi, Mohammad Majid Sadeghi, Kaveh Mosavi, Seyedeh Zahra Mohammadi, Ashraf |
author_sort | Shahsavandi, Shahla |
collection | PubMed |
description | To understand human response to avian H9N2 influenza, we investigated the effects of the viral infection on A549, HepG2, and HeLa cells at low and high MOIs. To identify virus-host interplay, expression of Mx and NP genes was measured in the cells supernatants. Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated by MTT assay, DNA fragmentation, and florescent staining. The virus titration and NP gene transcript levels indicate lower susceptibility of HeLa cell to H9N2 replication than other cells. Although H9N2 did produce a faster CPE in HepG2, high dose of the virus induced apoptosis within early stage of A549 infection. The DNA laddering was enhanced in the cell correlated with increase in virus transcripts. The undetectable to different regulation levels of Mx gene were observed in response to H9N2 infection suggesting that an insufficient antiviral defense in the noncompetent-IFN HepG2 cell promotes efficient viral replication. These results showed that the permissivity of HepG2 for H9N2 is comparable with A549; however, liver cells are not target tissue respond to the infection. These data revealed that the H9N2 virus induced apoptosis signaling via mitochondrial pathway in human alveolar epithelial cells, indicating that the induction may be associated with a dose-dependent manner. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3784084 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | Hindawi Publishing Corporation |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-37840842013-10-08 Dose- and Time-Dependent Apoptosis Induced by Avian H9N2 Influenza Virus in Human Cells Shahsavandi, Shahla Ebrahimi, Mohammad Majid Sadeghi, Kaveh Mosavi, Seyedeh Zahra Mohammadi, Ashraf Biomed Res Int Research Article To understand human response to avian H9N2 influenza, we investigated the effects of the viral infection on A549, HepG2, and HeLa cells at low and high MOIs. To identify virus-host interplay, expression of Mx and NP genes was measured in the cells supernatants. Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated by MTT assay, DNA fragmentation, and florescent staining. The virus titration and NP gene transcript levels indicate lower susceptibility of HeLa cell to H9N2 replication than other cells. Although H9N2 did produce a faster CPE in HepG2, high dose of the virus induced apoptosis within early stage of A549 infection. The DNA laddering was enhanced in the cell correlated with increase in virus transcripts. The undetectable to different regulation levels of Mx gene were observed in response to H9N2 infection suggesting that an insufficient antiviral defense in the noncompetent-IFN HepG2 cell promotes efficient viral replication. These results showed that the permissivity of HepG2 for H9N2 is comparable with A549; however, liver cells are not target tissue respond to the infection. These data revealed that the H9N2 virus induced apoptosis signaling via mitochondrial pathway in human alveolar epithelial cells, indicating that the induction may be associated with a dose-dependent manner. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2013 2013-09-11 /pmc/articles/PMC3784084/ /pubmed/24106708 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/524165 Text en Copyright © 2013 Shahla Shahsavandi et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Shahsavandi, Shahla Ebrahimi, Mohammad Majid Sadeghi, Kaveh Mosavi, Seyedeh Zahra Mohammadi, Ashraf Dose- and Time-Dependent Apoptosis Induced by Avian H9N2 Influenza Virus in Human Cells |
title | Dose- and Time-Dependent Apoptosis Induced by Avian H9N2 Influenza Virus in Human Cells |
title_full | Dose- and Time-Dependent Apoptosis Induced by Avian H9N2 Influenza Virus in Human Cells |
title_fullStr | Dose- and Time-Dependent Apoptosis Induced by Avian H9N2 Influenza Virus in Human Cells |
title_full_unstemmed | Dose- and Time-Dependent Apoptosis Induced by Avian H9N2 Influenza Virus in Human Cells |
title_short | Dose- and Time-Dependent Apoptosis Induced by Avian H9N2 Influenza Virus in Human Cells |
title_sort | dose- and time-dependent apoptosis induced by avian h9n2 influenza virus in human cells |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3784084/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24106708 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/524165 |
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