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Procedural learning is impaired in dyslexia: Evidence from a meta-analysis of serial reaction time studies()

A number of studies have investigated procedural learning in dyslexia using serial reaction time (SRT) tasks. Overall, the results have been mixed, with evidence of both impaired and intact learning reported. We undertook a systematic search of studies that examined procedural learning using SRT tas...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Lum, Jarrad A.G., Ullman, Michael T., Conti-Ramsden, Gina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Pergamon Press 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3784964/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23920029
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2013.07.017
Descripción
Sumario:A number of studies have investigated procedural learning in dyslexia using serial reaction time (SRT) tasks. Overall, the results have been mixed, with evidence of both impaired and intact learning reported. We undertook a systematic search of studies that examined procedural learning using SRT tasks, and synthesized the data using meta-analysis. A total of 14 studies were identified, representing data from 314 individuals with dyslexia and 317 typically developing control participants. The results indicate that, on average, individuals with dyslexia have worse procedural learning abilities than controls, as indexed by sequence learning on the SRT task. The average weighted standardized mean difference (the effect size) was found to be 0.449 (CI(95): .204, .693), and was significant (p < .001). However, moderate levels of heterogeneity were found between study-level effect sizes. Meta-regression analyses indicated that studies with older participants that used SRT tasks with second order conditional sequences, or with older participants that used sequences that were presented a large number of times, were associated with smaller effect sizes. These associations are discussed with respect to compensatory and delayed memory systems in dyslexia.