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Berry Phenolics of Grapevine under Challenging Environments

Plant phenolics have been for many years a theme of major scientific and applied interest. Grape berry phenolics contribute to organoleptic properties, color and protection against environmental challenges. Climate change has already caused significant warming in most grape-growing areas of the worl...

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Autores principales: Teixeira, António, Eiras-Dias, José, Castellarin, Simone D., Gerós, Hernâni
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3794804/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24030720
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms140918711
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author Teixeira, António
Eiras-Dias, José
Castellarin, Simone D.
Gerós, Hernâni
author_facet Teixeira, António
Eiras-Dias, José
Castellarin, Simone D.
Gerós, Hernâni
author_sort Teixeira, António
collection PubMed
description Plant phenolics have been for many years a theme of major scientific and applied interest. Grape berry phenolics contribute to organoleptic properties, color and protection against environmental challenges. Climate change has already caused significant warming in most grape-growing areas of the world, and the climatic conditions determine, to a large degree, the grape varieties that can be cultivated as well as wine quality. In particular, heat, drought and light/UV intensity severely affect phenolic metabolism and, thus, grape composition and development. In the variety Chardonnay, water stress increases the content of flavonols and decreases the expression of genes involved in biosynthesis of stilbene precursors. Also, polyphenolic profile is greatly dependent on genotype and environmental interactions. This review deals with the diversity and biosynthesis of phenolic compounds in the grape berry, from a general overview to a more detailed level, where the influence of environmental challenges on key phenolic metabolism pathways is approached. The full understanding of how and when specific phenolic compounds accumulate in the berry, and how the varietal grape berry metabolism responds to the environment is of utmost importance to adjust agricultural practices and thus, modify wine profile.
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spelling pubmed-37948042013-10-21 Berry Phenolics of Grapevine under Challenging Environments Teixeira, António Eiras-Dias, José Castellarin, Simone D. Gerós, Hernâni Int J Mol Sci Review Plant phenolics have been for many years a theme of major scientific and applied interest. Grape berry phenolics contribute to organoleptic properties, color and protection against environmental challenges. Climate change has already caused significant warming in most grape-growing areas of the world, and the climatic conditions determine, to a large degree, the grape varieties that can be cultivated as well as wine quality. In particular, heat, drought and light/UV intensity severely affect phenolic metabolism and, thus, grape composition and development. In the variety Chardonnay, water stress increases the content of flavonols and decreases the expression of genes involved in biosynthesis of stilbene precursors. Also, polyphenolic profile is greatly dependent on genotype and environmental interactions. This review deals with the diversity and biosynthesis of phenolic compounds in the grape berry, from a general overview to a more detailed level, where the influence of environmental challenges on key phenolic metabolism pathways is approached. The full understanding of how and when specific phenolic compounds accumulate in the berry, and how the varietal grape berry metabolism responds to the environment is of utmost importance to adjust agricultural practices and thus, modify wine profile. MDPI 2013-09-11 /pmc/articles/PMC3794804/ /pubmed/24030720 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms140918711 Text en © 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Teixeira, António
Eiras-Dias, José
Castellarin, Simone D.
Gerós, Hernâni
Berry Phenolics of Grapevine under Challenging Environments
title Berry Phenolics of Grapevine under Challenging Environments
title_full Berry Phenolics of Grapevine under Challenging Environments
title_fullStr Berry Phenolics of Grapevine under Challenging Environments
title_full_unstemmed Berry Phenolics of Grapevine under Challenging Environments
title_short Berry Phenolics of Grapevine under Challenging Environments
title_sort berry phenolics of grapevine under challenging environments
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3794804/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24030720
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms140918711
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