Superphobicity/philicity Janus Fabrics with Switchable, Spontaneous, Directional Transport Ability to Water and Oil Fluids

Herein we demonstrate that switchable, spontaneous, directional-transport ability to both water and oil fluids can be created on fabric materials through wet-chemistry coating and successive UV irradiation treatment. When the fabric showed directional transport to a liquid, it prevented liquids of higher surface tension from penetration, but allowed liquids of lower surface tension to permeate, from either side. The directional transport ability can be switched from one fluid to another simply by heating the fabric at an elevated temperature and then re-irradiating the fabric with UV light for required period of time. By attaching liquid drops vertically upwards to a horizontally-laid fabric, we further demonstrated that this novel directional fluid transport was an automatic process driven by surface property alone, irrespective of gravity's effect. This novel fabric may be useful for development of “smart” textiles and functional membranes for various applications.