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Impulsivity in Binge Eating Disorder: Food Cues Elicit Increased Reward Responses and Disinhibition

BACKGROUND: Binge eating disorder (BED) represents a distinct eating disorder diagnosis. Current approaches assume increased impulsivity to be one factor leading to binge eating and weight gain. We used eye tracking to investigate both components of impulsivity, namely reward sensitivity and rash-sp...

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Autores principales: Schag, Kathrin, Teufel, Martin, Junne, Florian, Preissl, Hubert, Hautzinger, Martin, Zipfel, Stephan, Giel, Katrin Elisabeth
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3797795/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24146885
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0076542
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author Schag, Kathrin
Teufel, Martin
Junne, Florian
Preissl, Hubert
Hautzinger, Martin
Zipfel, Stephan
Giel, Katrin Elisabeth
author_facet Schag, Kathrin
Teufel, Martin
Junne, Florian
Preissl, Hubert
Hautzinger, Martin
Zipfel, Stephan
Giel, Katrin Elisabeth
author_sort Schag, Kathrin
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Binge eating disorder (BED) represents a distinct eating disorder diagnosis. Current approaches assume increased impulsivity to be one factor leading to binge eating and weight gain. We used eye tracking to investigate both components of impulsivity, namely reward sensitivity and rash-spontaneous behaviour towards food in BED for the first time. METHODS: Overweight and obese people with BED (BED+; n = 25), without BED (BED−; n = 26) and healthy normal-weight controls (NWC; n = 25) performed a free exploration paradigm measuring reward sensitivity (experiment 1) and a modified antisaccade paradigm measuring disinhibited, rash-spontaneous behaviour (experiment 2) using food and nonfood stimuli. Additionally, trait impulsivity was assessed. RESULTS: In experiment 1, all participants located their initial fixations more often on food stimuli and BED+ participants gazed longer on food stimuli in comparison with BED− and NWC participants. In experiment 2, BED+ participants had more difficulties inhibiting saccades towards food and nonfood stimuli compared with both other groups in first saccades, and especially towards food stimuli in second saccades and concerning sequences of first and second saccades. BED− participants did not differ significantly from NWC participants in both experiments. Additionally, eye tracking performance was associated with self-reported reward responsiveness and self-control. CONCLUSIONS: According to these results, food-related reward sensitivity and rash-spontaneous behaviour, as the two components of impulsivity, are increased in BED in comparison with weight-matched and normal-weight controls. This indicates that BED represents a neurobehavioural phenotype of obesity that is characterised by increased impulsivity. Interventions for BED should target these special needs of affected patients.
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spelling pubmed-37977952013-10-21 Impulsivity in Binge Eating Disorder: Food Cues Elicit Increased Reward Responses and Disinhibition Schag, Kathrin Teufel, Martin Junne, Florian Preissl, Hubert Hautzinger, Martin Zipfel, Stephan Giel, Katrin Elisabeth PLoS One Research Article BACKGROUND: Binge eating disorder (BED) represents a distinct eating disorder diagnosis. Current approaches assume increased impulsivity to be one factor leading to binge eating and weight gain. We used eye tracking to investigate both components of impulsivity, namely reward sensitivity and rash-spontaneous behaviour towards food in BED for the first time. METHODS: Overweight and obese people with BED (BED+; n = 25), without BED (BED−; n = 26) and healthy normal-weight controls (NWC; n = 25) performed a free exploration paradigm measuring reward sensitivity (experiment 1) and a modified antisaccade paradigm measuring disinhibited, rash-spontaneous behaviour (experiment 2) using food and nonfood stimuli. Additionally, trait impulsivity was assessed. RESULTS: In experiment 1, all participants located their initial fixations more often on food stimuli and BED+ participants gazed longer on food stimuli in comparison with BED− and NWC participants. In experiment 2, BED+ participants had more difficulties inhibiting saccades towards food and nonfood stimuli compared with both other groups in first saccades, and especially towards food stimuli in second saccades and concerning sequences of first and second saccades. BED− participants did not differ significantly from NWC participants in both experiments. Additionally, eye tracking performance was associated with self-reported reward responsiveness and self-control. CONCLUSIONS: According to these results, food-related reward sensitivity and rash-spontaneous behaviour, as the two components of impulsivity, are increased in BED in comparison with weight-matched and normal-weight controls. This indicates that BED represents a neurobehavioural phenotype of obesity that is characterised by increased impulsivity. Interventions for BED should target these special needs of affected patients. Public Library of Science 2013-10-16 /pmc/articles/PMC3797795/ /pubmed/24146885 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0076542 Text en © 2013 Schag et al http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Schag, Kathrin
Teufel, Martin
Junne, Florian
Preissl, Hubert
Hautzinger, Martin
Zipfel, Stephan
Giel, Katrin Elisabeth
Impulsivity in Binge Eating Disorder: Food Cues Elicit Increased Reward Responses and Disinhibition
title Impulsivity in Binge Eating Disorder: Food Cues Elicit Increased Reward Responses and Disinhibition
title_full Impulsivity in Binge Eating Disorder: Food Cues Elicit Increased Reward Responses and Disinhibition
title_fullStr Impulsivity in Binge Eating Disorder: Food Cues Elicit Increased Reward Responses and Disinhibition
title_full_unstemmed Impulsivity in Binge Eating Disorder: Food Cues Elicit Increased Reward Responses and Disinhibition
title_short Impulsivity in Binge Eating Disorder: Food Cues Elicit Increased Reward Responses and Disinhibition
title_sort impulsivity in binge eating disorder: food cues elicit increased reward responses and disinhibition
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3797795/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24146885
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0076542
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