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Update on Staphylococcal Superantigen-Induced Signaling Pathways and Therapeutic Interventions
Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) and related bacterial toxins cause diseases in humans and laboratory animals ranging from food poisoning, acute lung injury to toxic shock. These superantigens bind directly to the major histocompatibility complex class II molecules on antigen-presenting cells and...
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2013
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3798877/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24064719 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins5091629 |
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author | Krakauer, Teresa |
author_facet | Krakauer, Teresa |
author_sort | Krakauer, Teresa |
collection | PubMed |
description | Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) and related bacterial toxins cause diseases in humans and laboratory animals ranging from food poisoning, acute lung injury to toxic shock. These superantigens bind directly to the major histocompatibility complex class II molecules on antigen-presenting cells and specific Vβ regions of T-cell receptors (TCR), resulting in rapid hyper-activation of the host immune system. In addition to TCR and co-stimulatory signals, proinflammatory mediators activate signaling pathways culminating in cell-stress response, activation of NFκB and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). This article presents a concise review of superantigen-activated signaling pathways and focuses on the therapeutic challenges against bacterial superantigens. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3798877 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-37988772013-10-21 Update on Staphylococcal Superantigen-Induced Signaling Pathways and Therapeutic Interventions Krakauer, Teresa Toxins (Basel) Article Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) and related bacterial toxins cause diseases in humans and laboratory animals ranging from food poisoning, acute lung injury to toxic shock. These superantigens bind directly to the major histocompatibility complex class II molecules on antigen-presenting cells and specific Vβ regions of T-cell receptors (TCR), resulting in rapid hyper-activation of the host immune system. In addition to TCR and co-stimulatory signals, proinflammatory mediators activate signaling pathways culminating in cell-stress response, activation of NFκB and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). This article presents a concise review of superantigen-activated signaling pathways and focuses on the therapeutic challenges against bacterial superantigens. MDPI 2013-09-24 /pmc/articles/PMC3798877/ /pubmed/24064719 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins5091629 Text en © 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Krakauer, Teresa Update on Staphylococcal Superantigen-Induced Signaling Pathways and Therapeutic Interventions |
title | Update on Staphylococcal Superantigen-Induced Signaling Pathways and Therapeutic Interventions |
title_full | Update on Staphylococcal Superantigen-Induced Signaling Pathways and Therapeutic Interventions |
title_fullStr | Update on Staphylococcal Superantigen-Induced Signaling Pathways and Therapeutic Interventions |
title_full_unstemmed | Update on Staphylococcal Superantigen-Induced Signaling Pathways and Therapeutic Interventions |
title_short | Update on Staphylococcal Superantigen-Induced Signaling Pathways and Therapeutic Interventions |
title_sort | update on staphylococcal superantigen-induced signaling pathways and therapeutic interventions |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3798877/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24064719 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins5091629 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT krakauerteresa updateonstaphylococcalsuperantigeninducedsignalingpathwaysandtherapeuticinterventions |