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High-Resolution MR Imaging of the Human Brainstem In vivo at 7 Tesla

The human brainstem, which comprises a multitude of axonal nerve fibers and nuclei, plays an important functional role in the human brain. Depicting its anatomy non-invasively with high spatial resolution may thus in turn help to better relate normal and pathological anatomical variations to medical...

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Autores principales: Deistung, Andreas, Schäfer, Andreas, Schweser, Ferdinand, Biedermann, Uta, Güllmar, Daniel, Trampel, Robert, Turner, Robert, Reichenbach, Jürgen R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2013
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3810670/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24194710
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00710
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author Deistung, Andreas
Schäfer, Andreas
Schweser, Ferdinand
Biedermann, Uta
Güllmar, Daniel
Trampel, Robert
Turner, Robert
Reichenbach, Jürgen R.
author_facet Deistung, Andreas
Schäfer, Andreas
Schweser, Ferdinand
Biedermann, Uta
Güllmar, Daniel
Trampel, Robert
Turner, Robert
Reichenbach, Jürgen R.
author_sort Deistung, Andreas
collection PubMed
description The human brainstem, which comprises a multitude of axonal nerve fibers and nuclei, plays an important functional role in the human brain. Depicting its anatomy non-invasively with high spatial resolution may thus in turn help to better relate normal and pathological anatomical variations to medical conditions as well as neurological and peripheral functions. We explored the potential of high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 7 T for depicting the intricate anatomy of the human brainstem in vivo by acquiring and generating images with multiple contrasts: T(2)-weighted images, quantitative maps of longitudinal relaxation rate (R(1) maps) and effective transverse relaxation rate ([Formula: see text] maps), magnetic susceptibility maps, and direction-encoded track-density images. Images and quantitative maps were compared with histological stains and anatomical atlases to identify nerve nuclei and nerve fibers. Among the investigated contrasts, susceptibility maps displayed the largest number of brainstem structures. Contrary to R(1) maps and T(2)-weighted images, which showed rather homogeneous contrast, [Formula: see text] maps, magnetic susceptibility maps, and track-density images clearly displayed a multitude of smaller and larger fiber bundles. Several brainstem nuclei were identifiable in sections covering the pons and medulla oblongata, including the spinal trigeminal nucleus and the reticulotegmental nucleus on magnetic susceptibility maps as well as the inferior olive on R(1), [Formula: see text] , and susceptibility maps. The substantia nigra and red nuclei were visible in all contrasts. In conclusion, high-resolution, multi-contrast MR imaging at 7 T is a versatile tool to non-invasively assess the individual anatomy and tissue composition of the human brainstem.
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spelling pubmed-38106702013-11-05 High-Resolution MR Imaging of the Human Brainstem In vivo at 7 Tesla Deistung, Andreas Schäfer, Andreas Schweser, Ferdinand Biedermann, Uta Güllmar, Daniel Trampel, Robert Turner, Robert Reichenbach, Jürgen R. Front Hum Neurosci Neuroscience The human brainstem, which comprises a multitude of axonal nerve fibers and nuclei, plays an important functional role in the human brain. Depicting its anatomy non-invasively with high spatial resolution may thus in turn help to better relate normal and pathological anatomical variations to medical conditions as well as neurological and peripheral functions. We explored the potential of high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 7 T for depicting the intricate anatomy of the human brainstem in vivo by acquiring and generating images with multiple contrasts: T(2)-weighted images, quantitative maps of longitudinal relaxation rate (R(1) maps) and effective transverse relaxation rate ([Formula: see text] maps), magnetic susceptibility maps, and direction-encoded track-density images. Images and quantitative maps were compared with histological stains and anatomical atlases to identify nerve nuclei and nerve fibers. Among the investigated contrasts, susceptibility maps displayed the largest number of brainstem structures. Contrary to R(1) maps and T(2)-weighted images, which showed rather homogeneous contrast, [Formula: see text] maps, magnetic susceptibility maps, and track-density images clearly displayed a multitude of smaller and larger fiber bundles. Several brainstem nuclei were identifiable in sections covering the pons and medulla oblongata, including the spinal trigeminal nucleus and the reticulotegmental nucleus on magnetic susceptibility maps as well as the inferior olive on R(1), [Formula: see text] , and susceptibility maps. The substantia nigra and red nuclei were visible in all contrasts. In conclusion, high-resolution, multi-contrast MR imaging at 7 T is a versatile tool to non-invasively assess the individual anatomy and tissue composition of the human brainstem. Frontiers Media S.A. 2013-10-29 /pmc/articles/PMC3810670/ /pubmed/24194710 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00710 Text en Copyright © 2013 Deistung, Schäfer, Schweser, Biedermann, Güllmar, Trampel, Turner and Reichenbach. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Neuroscience
Deistung, Andreas
Schäfer, Andreas
Schweser, Ferdinand
Biedermann, Uta
Güllmar, Daniel
Trampel, Robert
Turner, Robert
Reichenbach, Jürgen R.
High-Resolution MR Imaging of the Human Brainstem In vivo at 7 Tesla
title High-Resolution MR Imaging of the Human Brainstem In vivo at 7 Tesla
title_full High-Resolution MR Imaging of the Human Brainstem In vivo at 7 Tesla
title_fullStr High-Resolution MR Imaging of the Human Brainstem In vivo at 7 Tesla
title_full_unstemmed High-Resolution MR Imaging of the Human Brainstem In vivo at 7 Tesla
title_short High-Resolution MR Imaging of the Human Brainstem In vivo at 7 Tesla
title_sort high-resolution mr imaging of the human brainstem in vivo at 7 tesla
topic Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3810670/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24194710
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00710
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