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Assessing the application of the 3Rs: a survey among animal welfare officers in The Netherlands
Implementation of the 3Rs (Replacement, Refinement and Reduction) in animal studies is a legal requirement in many countries. In The Netherlands, animal welfare officers (AWOs) are appointed to monitor the welfare of laboratory animals. As part of this task, AWOs give advice to researchers and can t...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
SAGE Publications
2013
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3811125/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23579322 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0023677213483724 |
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author | van Luijk, Judith Cuijpers, Yvonne van der Vaart, Lilian de Roo, Tineke Coenen Leenaars, Marlies Ritskes-Hoitinga, Merel |
author_facet | van Luijk, Judith Cuijpers, Yvonne van der Vaart, Lilian de Roo, Tineke Coenen Leenaars, Marlies Ritskes-Hoitinga, Merel |
author_sort | van Luijk, Judith |
collection | PubMed |
description | Implementation of the 3Rs (Replacement, Refinement and Reduction) in animal studies is a legal requirement in many countries. In The Netherlands, animal welfare officers (AWOs) are appointed to monitor the welfare of laboratory animals. As part of this task, AWOs give advice to researchers and can therefore have an influential role in implementing 3R methods in research. A national survey was conducted to gain more insight into how Dutch AWOs obtain and apply 3R information in their daily work. Nearly half of the AWO population filled out the questionnaire (15/32; a response rate of 46.9%). Two-thirds of the respondents pointed out that finding 3R information is not an easy task and more than half of the respondents believed that information on possibilities to implement the 3Rs is regularly being missed. The respondents indicated that most 3R information is obtained directly from colleagues and other AWOs. Special online 3R databases are rarely used. All the responding AWOs feel that they contribute to Refinement (15/15), nearly one-third of the respondents feel they contribute to Reduction (4/15), and one AWO feels he/she contributes to Replacement (1/15). According to the respondents, better exchange of knowledge can contribute to more successful implementation of the 3Rs. How this knowledge exchange can best be established and facilitated needs further exploration. To this end, the authors make suggestions for a 3R-integrated evidence-based approach. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-3811125 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2013 |
publisher | SAGE Publications |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-38111252013-10-30 Assessing the application of the 3Rs: a survey among animal welfare officers in The Netherlands van Luijk, Judith Cuijpers, Yvonne van der Vaart, Lilian de Roo, Tineke Coenen Leenaars, Marlies Ritskes-Hoitinga, Merel Lab Anim Original Articles Implementation of the 3Rs (Replacement, Refinement and Reduction) in animal studies is a legal requirement in many countries. In The Netherlands, animal welfare officers (AWOs) are appointed to monitor the welfare of laboratory animals. As part of this task, AWOs give advice to researchers and can therefore have an influential role in implementing 3R methods in research. A national survey was conducted to gain more insight into how Dutch AWOs obtain and apply 3R information in their daily work. Nearly half of the AWO population filled out the questionnaire (15/32; a response rate of 46.9%). Two-thirds of the respondents pointed out that finding 3R information is not an easy task and more than half of the respondents believed that information on possibilities to implement the 3Rs is regularly being missed. The respondents indicated that most 3R information is obtained directly from colleagues and other AWOs. Special online 3R databases are rarely used. All the responding AWOs feel that they contribute to Refinement (15/15), nearly one-third of the respondents feel they contribute to Reduction (4/15), and one AWO feels he/she contributes to Replacement (1/15). According to the respondents, better exchange of knowledge can contribute to more successful implementation of the 3Rs. How this knowledge exchange can best be established and facilitated needs further exploration. To this end, the authors make suggestions for a 3R-integrated evidence-based approach. SAGE Publications 2013-07 /pmc/articles/PMC3811125/ /pubmed/23579322 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0023677213483724 Text en © TheAuthor(s) 2013 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/ journalsPermissions.nav http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Articles van Luijk, Judith Cuijpers, Yvonne van der Vaart, Lilian de Roo, Tineke Coenen Leenaars, Marlies Ritskes-Hoitinga, Merel Assessing the application of the 3Rs: a survey among animal welfare officers in The Netherlands |
title | Assessing the application of the 3Rs: a survey among animal welfare officers in The Netherlands |
title_full | Assessing the application of the 3Rs: a survey among animal welfare officers in The Netherlands |
title_fullStr | Assessing the application of the 3Rs: a survey among animal welfare officers in The Netherlands |
title_full_unstemmed | Assessing the application of the 3Rs: a survey among animal welfare officers in The Netherlands |
title_short | Assessing the application of the 3Rs: a survey among animal welfare officers in The Netherlands |
title_sort | assessing the application of the 3rs: a survey among animal welfare officers in the netherlands |
topic | Original Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3811125/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23579322 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0023677213483724 |
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